A series of carbazole based derivatives differing in the number of dicyanovinyl acceptors and donors (N-alkyl carbazole or N-phenyl carbazole) are designed, synthesized and characterized. The effect of donors on optical, electrochemical and thermal properties of carbazole-dicyanovinyl dyads is critically analysed. The dyes containing C3-linked carbazole donor showed red-shifted absorption and larger molar extinction coefficients when compared to the dyes those containing N-phenylcarbazole attributable to the extended conjugation of C3-linked N-butylcarbazole. All the compounds showed positive solvatochromism in fluorescence attributable to intramolecular charge transfer in excited state. The higher thermal stability of the dyes suggests the rigidity of the carbazole derivatives. Interestingly, all the dyes containing N-phenylcarbazole showed aggregation-induced emission properties in THF-H₂O mixtures attributable to increased distortion in molecular configuration and restricted rotation in the solid state. Furthermore, a green OLED device fabricated with the dye containing N-butyl carbazole donor as dopant emitter (3%) in CBP host achieved good performance with high external quantum efficiency (4.2%), current efficiency (13.1 cd A⁻¹) and maximum brightness (L_max) of 6180 cd m⁻².

设计，合成和表征了一系列基于双氰基乙烯基受体和供体的不同咔唑基衍生物（N-烷基咔唑或N-苯基咔唑）。严格分析了供体对咔唑-双氰基乙烯基二聚体的光学，电化学和热性质的影响。与包含可归因于C3连接的N的延长共轭的含N-苯基咔唑的染料相比，含C3连接的咔唑供体的染料表现出红移吸收和更大的摩尔消光系数。丁基咔唑。所有化合物在荧光中均显示出正溶剂溶变色，这归因于处于激发态的分子内电荷转移。染料的较高热稳定性表明咔唑衍生物的刚性。有趣的是，所有包含N-苯基咔唑的染料在THF-H ₂ O混合物中均表现出聚集诱导的发射性质，这归因于分子构型的增加变形和固态旋转受限。此外，在CBP主体中使用包含N-丁基咔唑供体作为掺杂剂发射体的染料（3％）制造的绿色OLED器件具有良好的性能，具有较高的外部量子效率（4.2％），电流效率（13.1 cd A ^-1）和最大的亮度（L_max）为6180 cd m ^-2。