Abstract 3D printers have been widely used as a tool for prototype manufacturing in industries, schools, and homes. During operation, 3D printers emit ultrafine particles that could be inhaled by the user and induce adverse health effects. Thus, exposure to ultrafine 3D-printing generated particles has drawn the attention of occupational and environmental health researchers. In this study, a recently developed Mobile Aerosol Lung Deposition Apparatus (MALDA) was applied to investigate the respiratory deposition of ultrafine 3D printing particles. The MALDA consists of a set of representative human airway replicas from mouth, throat, trachea, down to the bronchiolar airways of the 11th bifurcation generation. A series of respiratory deposition experiments were carried out in the laboratory using the MALDA and a desktop 3D printer to estimate the deposition of ultrafine 3D printing particles in individual generations of the lung. Results showed that the cumulative deposition from the 1st to 11th bifurcation generations was found to be 1%–13% depending on the particle size, which was slightly less than the respiratory deposition predicted from the conventional deposition curve.

中文翻译：

---

估计超细 3D 打印颗粒在人体气管支气管气道中的沉积

摘要 3D 打印机已被广泛用作工业、学校和家庭原型制造的工具。在操作过程中，3D 打印机会释放出超细颗粒，用户可能会吸入这些颗粒并对健康产生不利影响。因此，接触超细 3D 打印产生的颗粒引起了职业和环境健康研究人员的注意。在这项研究中，最近开发的移动气溶胶肺沉积仪 (MALDA) 被应用于研究超细 3D 打印颗粒的呼吸沉积。MALDA 由一组具有代表性的人类呼吸道复制品组成，从口腔、喉咙、气管，一直到第 11 代分叉的细支气管气道。在实验室中使用 MALDA 和台式 3D 打印机进行了一系列呼吸沉积实验，以估计超细 3D 打印颗粒在各代肺中的沉积。结果表明，从第 1 代到第 11 代分叉的累积沉积量为 1%–13%，具体取决于粒径，这略小于根据常规沉积曲线预测的呼吸沉积。