Abstract We briefly review the application of integral equation theories (IETs) of the fluid state in order to predict fluid phase equilibria of simple fluids. In spite of the relatively simple picture emerging from an isotropic pair potential, IETs have been instrumental in the last few decades to show a quite complex phase behaviour, where multiple critical points are observed in the phase diagram. The application of thermodynamic self-consistency within the theory is shown to dramatically improve the reliability of IETs, allowing them to become a valid and computationally cheap tool, in comparison to computer simulation, to investigate the limits of stability of the fluid phase.

中文翻译：

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简单流体中流体相平衡的积分方程理论

摘要 我们简要回顾了流体状态积分方程理论 (IET) 在预测简单流体的流体相平衡中的应用。尽管从各向同性对势中出现了相对简单的图片，但在过去的几十年中，IET 一直有助于显示相当复杂的相行为，其中在相图中观察到多个临界点。与计算机模拟相比，热力学自洽在理论中的应用显示出显着提高了 IET 的可靠性，使它们成为一种有效且计算成本低的工具，以研究流体相的稳定性极限。