Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) remain a serious public health problem. However, the current evaluation and confirmation of the efficacy of DFU is unclear. The present study aimed to measure the alterations of circulating proteins in patients after DFU healing for the exploration of the prognostic biomarkers. The serum cytokine profiles of DFU patients before and after treatment were analyzed by a human antibody microarray technology using diabetic patients and healthy population as control groups. The results showed that ten differential cytokines were associated with DFU healing. Among these ten cytokines, comparing to DFU group, nine ones (Jagged-1, CD14, Cathepsin S, Syndecan 4, MDC, TARC, Angiopoietin-4, Clusterin and HGFR) were significantly up-regulated in DFU-treated group and Follistatin-like 1 was significantly down-regulated, while their levels in DFU-treated group showed no significant differences from those in control groups. Furthermore, ELISA validation also showed that compares to DFU group four of ten (MDC, TARC, Clusterin, and Syndecan 4) were increased in DFU-treated group equal to the levels in control groups, consistent with the array results. Our finding shows that these four cytokines may have great potential for prognostic evaluation of DFU healing.

中文翻译：

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使用细胞因子抗体阵列治疗糖尿病足溃疡治疗前后广泛的血清生物标志物分析

糖尿病足溃疡 (DFU) 仍然是一个严重的公共卫生问题。然而，目前对 DFU 疗效的评估和确认尚不清楚。本研究旨在测量 DFU 愈合后患者循环蛋白的变化，以探索预后生物标志物。以糖尿病患者和健康人群为对照组，通过人抗体微阵列技术分析DFU患者治疗前后血清细胞因子谱。结果表明，十种不同的细胞因子与 DFU 愈合有关。在这十种细胞因子中，与 DFU 组相比，有九种细胞因子（Jagged-1、CD14、Cathepsin S、Syndecan 4、MDC、TARC、Angiopoietin-4、Clusterin 和 HGFR）在 DFU 治疗组和 F​​ollistatin-像 1 被显着下调，而 DFU 治疗组的水平与对照组无显着差异。此外，ELISA 验证还表明，与 DFU 组相比，十组中的四组（MDC、TARC、Clusterin 和 Syndecan 4）在 DFU 处理组中增加，与对照组中的水平相同，与阵列结果一致。我们的发现表明，这四种细胞因子可能对 DFU 愈合的预后评估具有很大的潜力。