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EFFICACY OF REDUCED PROTEIN DIETS AND THE EFFECTS OF INDISPENSABLE AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTS FOR NILE TILAPIA Oreochromis niloticus
Animal Feed Science and Technology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114593
Lay Nguyen , Hieu Dinh , D. Allen Davis

Abstract The study was conducted to evaluate the production performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed graded levels of protein with or without indispensable AA (IAA) supplemented in practical diets. A control diet containing 32 % intact protein was modified to meet the respective requirements of IAA based upon NRC recommendations for Nile tilapia. From this diet, two series of diets were formulated to confirm the efficacy of crystalline AA (CAA) used as supplements in the practical diets of fish by applying “ideal protein concept”. In the first series of diets, intact protein was reduced gradually from 32 to 24 % of the diet without IAA supplementation. In the second series of diets, the same dietary protein levels were formulated; however, the IAA profiles of these diets were modified to meet the respective requirement of Nile tilapia (NRC, 2011). Five commercially-available AAs, including methionine, lysine, tryptophan, histidine and valine, were supplemented if necessary to attain the targeted AA profile. The supplementation of all deficient IAAs was obtained in the last diet to evaluate if there is further benefit of using IAAs other than commercial AAs to balance the AA profiles of diets. Four groups of Nile tilapia (12.7 ± 0.2 g) were fed each diet four times daily to near satiation. The results obtained after eight weeks indicated that fish fed diets with IAA supplementation had significantly higher weight gain compared to fish fed diets without IAA supplementation. Fish fed intact protein levels above 27.2 % with the supplementation of IAA up to the reported requirement (NRC, 2011) showed comparable performance to fish fed the control diet. The reduction of intact protein further than that, however, resulted in reduced growth rate (thermal-unit growth coefficient) of fish even though the IAA profiles of these diets met the reported requirement of tilapia for optimal growth (NRC, 2011). Based on the data obtained from this study, it can be concluded that ideal protein concept can be applied in formulating the diets for Nile tilapia to optimize AA profile of the diets. Well-balanced IAA profile can be used to reduce the intact protein levels of feed (32 to 27.2 %) without causing impaired growth of fish.

中文翻译:

减少蛋白质饮食的功效和必不可少的氨基酸补充剂对尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus 的影响

摘要 本研究旨在评估在实际日粮中添加或不添加必需氨基酸 (IAA) 的分级蛋白质水平的尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus 的生产性能。根据 NRC 对尼罗罗非鱼的建议,对含有 32% 完整蛋白质的对照饮食进行了修改以满足 IAA 的相应要求。从这种饮食中,制定了两个系列的饮食,以通过应用“理想蛋白质概念”来确认晶体 AA (CAA) 在鱼的实际饮食中用作补充剂的功效。在第一个系列的饮食中,完整蛋白质从没有添加 IAA 的饮食中的 32% 逐渐减少到 24%。在第二系列日粮中,制定了相同的日粮蛋白质水平;然而,这些饮食的 IAA 配置文件经过修改以满足尼罗罗非鱼的相应要求(NRC,2011)。如有必要,可补充五种市售 AA,包括蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸和缬氨酸,以达到目标 AA 谱。在最后一次饮食中补充了所有缺乏的 IAA,以评估使用商业 AA 以外的 IAA 来平衡饮食的 AA 谱是否有进一步的好处。将四组尼罗罗非鱼 (12.7 ± 0.2 g) 每天饲喂四次,每种饮食均接近饱腹。八周后获得的结果表明,与未添加 IAA 的鱼饲料相比,添加 IAA 的鱼饲料的体重增加显着更高。饲喂完整蛋白质水平高于 27.2% 的鱼,并添加 IAA 达到报告要求(NRC,2011) 表现出与喂食对照饮食的鱼相当的性能。然而,完整蛋白质的进一步减少导致鱼的生长速率(热单位生长系数)降低,即使这些饮食的 IAA 曲线满足了罗非鱼最佳生长的报告要求(NRC,2011)。基于从该研究中获得的数据,可以得出结论,理想的蛋白质概念可用于配制尼罗罗非鱼的日粮,以优化日粮的 AA 特征。均衡的 IAA 曲线可用于降低饲料的完整蛋白质水平(32% 至 27.2%),而不会导致鱼的生长受损。导致鱼的生长率(热单位生长系数)降低,即使这些饮食的 IAA 曲线满足了罗非鱼最佳生长的报告要求(NRC,2011)。基于从该研究中获得的数据,可以得出结论,理想的蛋白质概念可用于配制尼罗罗非鱼的日粮,以优化日粮的 AA 特征。均衡的 IAA 曲线可用于降低饲料的完整蛋白质水平(32% 至 27.2%),而不会导致鱼的生长受损。导致鱼的生长率(热单位生长系数)降低,即使这些饮食的 IAA 曲线满足了罗非鱼最佳生长的报告要求(NRC,2011)。基于从该研究中获得的数据,可以得出结论,理想的蛋白质概念可用于配制尼罗罗非鱼的日粮,以优化日粮的 AA 特征。均衡的 IAA 曲线可用于降低饲料的完整蛋白质水平(32% 至 27.2%),而不会导致鱼的生长受损。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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