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Random noise reduction using SVD in the frequency domain
Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 , DOI: 10.1007/s13202-020-00938-w
Baotong Liu , Qiyuan Liu

The frequency spectrum of irregular interference noise has broad bandwidth and poor coherence. But in the same prospecting area, the dominant frequency and bandwidth of effective signals are nearly the same (especially for post-stack section); that is to say, the frequency spectra of effective signals in seismic traces show a high degree of trace-to-trace correlation. Based on this conclusion, we present a novel denoising technique, which works by SVD filtering in the frequency domain. First, the input seismic data are transformed to the frequency domain via the Fourier transform. Then, the frequency spectra are decomposed into eigenimages by means of SVD. We perform the eigenimage filtering of the frequency spectra by selecting singular values to be used in the reconstruction, suppressing the random noise. Compared with the traditional band-pass filtering, the presented method is capable of attenuating the interference noise components within the range of frequency pass band and protects effective signals in high frequency. Tests on both synthetic and field seismic data show that our method can remove random noise and does no damage to effective signal. By comparison with the median filtering and the curvelet domain filtering, we concluded that the presented denoising method performs better in removing background noise and protecting reflection events.

中文翻译:

使用SVD在频域中进行随机降噪

不规则干扰噪声的频谱带宽较宽,相干性较差。但是在相同的勘探区域,有效信号的主要频率和带宽几乎相同(尤其是对于叠后部分);也就是说,地震道中有效信号的频谱显示出很高的道间关联度。基于此结论,我们提出了一种新颖的降噪技术,该技术在频域中通过SVD滤波工作。首先,通过傅立叶变换将输入的地震数据变换到频域。然后,通过SVD将频谱分解为特征图像。我们通过选择要在重构中使用的奇异值来执行频谱的特征图像滤波,从而抑制了随机噪声。与传统的带通滤波相比,该方法能够衰减通带范围内的干扰噪声分量,并保护高频有效信号。对合成和现场地震数据的测试表明,我们的方法可以消除随机噪声,并且不会损坏有效信号。通过与中值滤波和曲线波域滤波的比较,我们得出结论,该降噪方法在去除背景噪声和保护反射事件方面表现更好。对合成和现场地震数据的测试表明,我们的方法可以消除随机噪声,并且不会损坏有效信号。通过与中值滤波和Curvelet域滤波的比较,我们得出的结论是,所提出的去噪方法在去除背景噪声和保护反射事件方面表现更好。对合成和现场地震数据的测试表明,我们的方法可以消除随机噪声,并且不会损坏有效信号。通过与中值滤波和Curvelet域滤波的比较,我们得出的结论是,所提出的去噪方法在去除背景噪声和保护反射事件方面表现更好。
更新日期:2020-06-23
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