Abstract Unlike many other plasma proteins, albumin is barely glycosylated and plays an important role in maintaining the colloidal osmotic blood pressure; it can bind and transport various molecules of endogenous and exogenous origin. Data on the enzymatic activity of albumin have been accumulated, including pseudo-esterase (irreversible binding of the substrate to the protein) and true esterase (binding of the substrate to the active center of the protein with subsequent dissociation of the complex into enzyme and product) activities. In toxicology, the problem of (pseudo)esterase activity of albumin in relation to organophosphates (OPs) is of the greatest interest. This review demonstrates the literature data and the results of our own research on the protein esterase activity. The possibility of targeted modulation of albumin using the molecules capable of affecting its binding and esterase activity is considered. The prospects of practical application of some methods of influence on albumin in toxicology are discussed.

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白蛋白酯酶活性的理论和实践方面

摘要 与许多其他血浆蛋白不同，白蛋白几乎没有糖基化，在维持胶体渗透压方面起着重要作用。它可以结合和运输各种内源性和外源性分子。已经积累了有关白蛋白酶活性的数据，包括假酯酶（底物与蛋白质的不可逆结合）和真酯酶（底物与蛋白质的活性中心结合，随后将复合物解离为酶和产物） 活动。在毒理学中，与有机磷 (OP) 相关的白蛋白的（伪）酯酶活性问题最受关注。本综述展示了文献数据和我们自己对蛋白质酯酶活性的研究结果。考虑使用能够影响其结合和酯酶活性的分子靶向调节白蛋白的可能性。讨论了一些影响白蛋白的方法在毒理学中的实际应用前景。