In order to understand the dynamic behaviors of the charged water droplet in the presence of electric field, the experimental investigation is conducted in this paper. A uniform DC electric field is produced by applying high voltage between two parallel copper plates which are placed horizontally in a silicon oil tank. The variation range of the electric field intensity is 0–6.67 kV/cm. Under the influence of the electric field, deformation, motion, breakup and other dynamic behaviors of the charged water droplet with the initial diameter of 5.36 mm are observed and analyzed. Results show that the increase in the electric field intensity results in the elongation of the charged droplet. When the electric field intensity increases to 2.5 kV/cm and 3.0 kV/cm, the droplet would deform into an unstable Taylor cone shape, and then the top of droplet breaks up into some daughter droplets. These daughter droplets move up and down between two copper plates. Further increasing the electric field intensity to 3.67 kV/cm, some of daughter droplets forms a liquid bridge linked the two plates which likes a pearl chain, and then discharge phenomenon occurs. For the enormous electric field intensity of 6.67 kV/cm, numerous tiny droplets, which distribute uniformly in the silicon oil, are produced by the breakup of larger daughter droplets and the large droplet located on the lower plate. This research has certain application value in the fields of oil treatment, electric demulsification and so on.

为了了解带电水滴在电场作用下的动态行为，本文进行了实验研究。通过在水平放置在硅油罐中的两个平行铜板之间施加高压，可以产生均匀的直流电场。电场强度的变化范围是0–6.67 kV / cm。在电场的影响下，观察并分析了初始直径为5.36 mm的带电水滴的变形，运动，破裂和其他动态行为。结果表明，电场强度的增加导致带电液滴的伸长。当电场强度增加到2.5 kV / cm和3.0 kV / cm时，液滴将变形为不稳定的泰勒锥形状，然后液滴的顶部分解为一些子液滴。这些子滴在两个铜板之间上下移动。进一步将电场强度增加到3.67 kV / cm，一些子液滴形成了连接两块板的液桥，就像一条珍珠链，然后发生了放电现象。对于6.67 kV / cm的巨大电场强度，由于较大的子液滴和位于下板上的较大液滴的破裂，产生了许多均匀分布在硅油中的微小液滴。该研究在石油处理，电破乳等领域具有一定的应用价值。一些子液滴形成一个连接两块板的液体桥，就像一条珍珠链，然后发生喷出现象。对于6.67 kV / cm的巨大电场强度，由于较大的子液滴和位于下板上的较大液滴的破裂，产生了许多均匀分布在硅油中的微小液滴。该研究在石油处理，电破乳等领域具有一定的应用价值。一些子液滴形成一个连接两块板的液体桥，就像一条珍珠链，然后发生喷出现象。对于6.67 kV / cm的巨大电场强度，由于较大的子液滴和位于下板上的较大液滴的破裂，产生了许多均匀分布在硅油中的微小液滴。该研究在石油处理，电破乳等领域具有一定的应用价值。