Abstract

Composites derived from petroleum sources like epoxy, unsaturated polyester and phenolics have limitations due to non-biodegradability toxicity which have harmful effects on the environment; hence, there is a necessity to replace them with green composites. Presently, the synthesis of edible oil for resin formation and the use of scrap leather as reinforcement for composite fabrication are still not carried out. In this work, we have synthesized acrylate epoxidized mustard oil (AEMO) and blended it with crosslinker N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) using scrap leather pieces as reinforcement for composite fabrication. Characterization of mustard oil (MO), epoxidized mustard oil (EMO) and acrylate epoxidized mustard oil was carried out using iodine value, oxirane content, acid value, FTIR, NMR and viscosity. A ratio of 50:50 for AEMO:NVP and leather loading of 15%, 30% and 60% were used to make the composites. Increased leather loading showed improvement in mechanical properties in terms of higher tensile strength, Young’s modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus and Izod impact values of 20.43, 1575.63, 48.14 and 3330 MPa and 0.22 kJ, respectively, at 60% loading. Biodegradability test indicated weight loss for all the composites with time recording a weight loss of 2.95%, 4.00%, 4.25%, 5.00% for 0% (neat), 15%, 30% and 60% loadings. TGA, DTA and DSC analysis proved excellent thermal stability at higher loading. Excellent bonding at lower loadings was observed by morphological analysis. An increase in storage and loss modulus and a decrease in tan δ with broadening of the peak for higher loadings were noted. Chemical resistance test gave no deterioration of the samples except with acids.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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通过使用芥末油树脂和N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮进行复合制造来报废皮革的增值

摘要

石油来源的复合材料，如环氧，不饱和聚酯和酚醛树脂，由于具有不可生物降解的毒性，因此具有局限性，会对环境造成不利影响；因此，有必要用绿色复合材料代替它们。目前，仍未进行用于形成树脂的食用油的合成以及将废皮革用作复合材料制造的增强材料。在这项工作中，我们合成了丙烯酸酯环氧化芥菜油（AEMO）并将其与交联剂N混合-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮（NVP），用于将废旧皮革碎片用作复合材料制造的补强材料。使用碘值，环氧乙烷含量，酸值，FTIR，NMR和粘度对芥子油（MO），环氧化芥子油（EMO）和丙烯酸酯环氧化芥子油进行表征。AEMO：NVP的比例为50:50，皮革负载量为15％，30％和60％，用于制造复合材料。皮革负载的增加表明，在60％的负载下，较高的拉伸强度，杨氏模量，弯曲强度，弯曲模量和艾佐德冲击值分别为20.43、1575.63、48.14和3330 MPa和0.22 kJ，机械性能得到改善。生物降解性测试表明，所有复合材料的重量都有所减少，时间上记录了0％（纯净），15％，30％和60％装载量的重量损失为2.95％，4.00％，4.25％，5.00％。TGA，DTA和DSC分析证明在较高的负载下具有出色的热稳定性。通过形态分析观察到在较低载荷下的优异粘结。储能模量和损耗模量增加，棕褐色降低δ具有较高的负荷高峰期扩大指出。耐化学性测试表明，除酸外，样品均未发生劣化。

图形摘要