Menisci are fibrocartilaginous disks consisting of soft tissue with a complex biomechanical structure. They are critical determinants of the kinematics as well as the stability of the knee joint. Several studies have been carried out to formulate tissue mechanical behavior, leading to the development of a wide spectrum of constitutive laws. In addition to developing analytical tools, extensive numerical studies have been conducted on menisci modeling. This study reviews the developments of the most widely used continuum models of the meniscus mechanical properties in conjunction with emerging analytical and numerical models used to study the meniscus. The review presents relevant approaches and assumptions used to develop the models and includes discussions regarding strengths, weaknesses, and discrepancies involved in the presented models. The study presents a comprehensive coverage of relevant publications included in Compendex, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Scopus databases. This review aims at opening novel avenues for improving menisci modeling within the framework of constitutive modeling through highlighting the needs for further research directed toward determining key factors in gaining insight into the biomechanics of menisci which is crucial for the elaborate design of meniscal replacements.

半月板是由具有复杂生物力学结构的软组织组成的纤维软骨盘。它们是膝关节运动学和稳定性的关键决定因素。已经进行了几项研究来制定组织力学行为，从而导致了广泛的本构定律的发展。除了开发分析工具外，还对半月板模型进行了广泛的数值研究。本研究结合用于研究弯液面的新兴分析和数值模型，回顾了最广泛使用的弯液面力学性能连续模型的发展。审查介绍了用于开发模型的相关方法和假设，并包括对所呈现模型中涉及的优势、劣势和差异的讨论。该研究全面覆盖了 Compendex、EMBASE、MEDLINE、PubMed、ScienceDirect、Springer 和 Scopus 数据库中的相关出版物。本综述旨在通过强调进一步研究的需求，为在本构建模的框架内改进半月板建模开辟新的途径，这些研究旨在确定深入了解半月板生物力学的关键因素，这对于半月板替代物的精心设计至关重要。