The amount of infused CD34⁺ cells has been reported to be the strongest predictor of platelet recovery after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). However, the timing of platelet recovery varies widely among patients even after the infusion of similar amounts of CD34⁺ cells. Therefore, we retrospectively assessed 99 patients who underwent their first ASCT for lymphoma or myeloma at our center. Thirteen patients (13%) did not achieve platelet engraftment, defined as a platelet count of at least 2.0 × 10⁴/μL without transfusion, at day 28 after transplantation, whereas 58 of 60 patients (97%) who received at least 2.0 × 10⁶/kg CD34⁺ cells achieved platelet engraftment within 28 days. Multivariate analysis identified the following significant risk factors for delayed platelet recovery: hemoglobin level and platelet count before stem cell harvest, body temperature of > 39 °C within 5 days after ASCT, and infusion of a small amount (< 2.0 × 10⁶/kg) of CD34⁺ cells. In a subgroup analysis of 39 patients infused with < 2.0 × 10⁶/kg CD34⁺ cells, a need for repeated apheresis for stem cell harvest and a body temperature of > 39 °C within 5 days after ASCT were identified as independent factors for delayed platelet recovery. In summary, platelet recovery following ASCT was affected by insufficient hematopoietic recovery at stem cell harvest, a need for repeated apheresis, and high fever early after ASCT, particularly when the amount of infused stem cells was insufficient.

据报道，注入CD34 ⁺细胞的数量是自体干细胞移植（ASCT）后血小板恢复的最强预测指标。但是，即使输注了相似量的CD34 ⁺细胞，患者中血小板恢复的时机也大不相同。因此，我们回顾性评估了在我们中心接受首次ASCT淋巴瘤或骨髓瘤治疗的99例患者。移植后第28天，有13例患者（13％）未实现血小板植入，定义为无输注的血小板计数至少为2.0×10 ⁴ /μL，而60例患者中有58名（97％）接受了至少2.0× 10 ⁶ /公斤CD34 ⁺细胞在28天内实现了血小板植入。多变量分析确定了延迟恢复血小板的以下重要危险因素：干细胞收获前的血红蛋白水平和血小板计数，ASCT后5天内体温> 39°C以及少量输注（<2.0×10 ⁶ / kg ）的CD34 ⁺细胞。在亚组分析中，对39位输注<2.0×10 ⁶ / kg CD34 ^+的患者进行了分析细胞，ASCT后5天内需要重复采血以进行干细胞收获以及体温> 39°C是延迟血小板恢复的独立因素。总之，干细胞收获时造血功能恢复不足，反复单采的需要以及ASCT术后早期发高烧，尤其是当注入的干细胞数量不足时，会影响ASCT术后的血小板恢复。