The problematic use of online gaming, social networking sites (SNS) and online pornography (OP) is an evolving problem. Contrary to the problematic use of SNS and OP, Internet gaming disorder (IGD) was included in the new edition of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) as a condition for further study. The present study adapted the criteria for IGD to the problematic use of SNS and OP by modifying a validated questionnaire for IGD (Internet Gaming Disorder Questionnaire: IGDQ) and investigating the psychometric properties of the modified versions, SNSDQ and OPDQ. Two online samples (SNS: n = 700, 25.6 ± 8.4 years, 76.4% female; OP: n = 700, 32.9 ± 12.6 years, 76.7% male) completed the SNSDQ/OPDQ, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the short Internet Addiction Test (sIAT) and provided information on their SNS/OP use. Standard item and reliability analyses, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and correlations with the sIAT were calculated. Problematic and non-problematic users were compared. The internal consistencies were ωordinal = 0.89 (SNS) and ωordinal = 0.88 (OP). The exploratory factor analyses extracted one factor for both questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the results. The SNSDQ/OPDQ scores correlated highly with the sIAT scores and moderately with SNS/OP usage time. Of the users, 3.4% (SNS) and 7.1% (OP) lay above the cutoff for problematic use. Problematic users had higher sIAT scores, used the applications for longer and experienced more psychological distress. Overall, the results of the study indicate that the adaption of the IGD criteria is a promising approach for measuring problematic SNS/OP use.

中文翻译：

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一种基于互联网游戏障碍概念化的评估网上色情和社交网站使用问题的心理学方法。

在线游戏，社交网站（SNS）和在线色情（OP）的使用有问题是一个不断发展的问题。与SNS和OP使用上的问题相反，互联网游戏障碍（IGD）被包括在新版本的精神障碍诊断和统计手册（DSM-5）中，作为进一步研究的条件。本研究通过修改经过验证的IGD（互联网游戏障碍调查表：IGDQ）调查表并调查修改版本SNSDQ和OPDQ的心理计量学特性，使IGD的标准适用于SNS和OP的问题使用。两个在线样本（SNS：n = 700，25.6±8.4岁，女性76.4％; OP：n = 700，32.9±12.6岁，男性76.7％）完成了SNSDQ / OPDQ，简要症状清单（BSI）和简短Internet成瘾测试（sIAT）并提供有关其SNS / OP使用的信息。计算标准项目和可靠性分析，探索性和确认性因素分析以及与sIAT的相关性。比较有问题和没有问题的用户。内部一致性为ωordinal= 0.89（SNS）和ωordinal= 0.88（OP）。探索性因素分析为两个问卷提取了一个因素。验证性因素分析证实了结果。SNSDQ / OPDQ分数与sIAT分数高度相关，而与SNS / OP使用时间相关性适中。在有问题的用户中，有3.4％（SNS）和7.1％（OP）的用户超出了门槛。有问题的用户的sIAT得分较高，使用该应用程序的时间更长，并且遭受的心理困扰更大。总体而言，研究结果表明，对IGD标准进行调整是衡量有问题的SNS / OP使用的一种有前途的方法。