In this paper, we investigate the massive MIMO relay system, where the relay station (RS) forwards the signals from multiple remote users to the base station (BS). Large-scale antenna arrays in conjunction with low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are equipped at the RS and the BS to guarantee the high spectral efficiency with low cost. Considering the ever-present spatial correlation at both the RS and the BS, we first study the canonical channel estimation process, from which a tractable equivalent form of the channel estimate is extracted for further analysis. Under these transmission impairments along with the ADC quantization imperfection, we derive the closed-form approximation of the achievable rate. Then the impacts of power scaling, spatial correlation level, and ADC resolution bits are revealed comprehensively to guide the practical system deployment and implementation. Numerical results are presented to verify the theoretical analysis in a straightforward way.

中文翻译：

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具有低分辨率 ADC 的空间相关大规模 MIMO 中继系统

在本文中，我们研究了大规模 MIMO 中继系统，其中中继站 (RS) 将来自多个远程用户的信号转发到基站 (BS)。RS和B​​S配备了大规模天线阵列和低分辨率模数转换器（ADC），以保证低成本的高频谱效率。考虑到 RS 和 BS 处始终存在的空间相关性，我们首先研究规范信道估计过程，从中提取信道估计的易处理等效形式以供进一步分析。在这些传输损伤和 ADC 量化缺陷下，我们推导出可实现速率的封闭形式近似值。然后是功率缩放、空间相关级别的影响，全面揭示ADC分辨率位，以指导实际系统部署和实施。给出了数值结果以直接验证理论分析。