Design and rapid prototyping of a tunable and compact microstrip antenna for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band applications is presented in this paper. Laser machining is introduced as a fast and accurate method for the antenna fabrication. The antenna, with an overall dimension of $65\times 46\times0.127$ mm, was fabricated by sandwiching a flexible Kapton polyimide substrate, with a dielectric constant of 3.5, between two flexible copper tapes, as the radiating patch and ground plane, respectively. The radiating patch was patterned in a meander configuration, with three slots, demonstrating the capability to reduce the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna from 2.4 GHz to 900 MHz, without increasing the overall size of the antenna (87% compact). The effect of mechanical stress on the antenna performance was investigated by performing bend and stretch tests. The antenna was subjected to compressive bend with a minimum radius of curvature of 86 mm and 150 mm along the x-axis and y-axis which resulted in a maximum increase of resonant frequency by 3.1% and 1.3%, respectively. Similarly, the antenna was subjected to tensile bend with a minimum radius of curvature of 79 mm and 162 mm along the x-axis and y-axis which resulted in a maximum decrease of the resonant frequency by 4.2% and 0.3%, respectively. An overall 0.9% decrease in the resonant frequency was measured for an applied strain of 0.09% during stretching the antenna along the y-axis.

中文翻译：

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通过铜膜的激光辅助图案化开发灵活可调谐且紧凑的微带天线

本文介绍了用于工业、科学和医疗 (ISM) 频段应用的可调谐紧凑型微带天线的设计和快速原型制作。引入了激光加工作为天线制造的一种快速而准确的方法。天线的总尺寸为 $65\times 46\times0.127 $ mm，通过将介电常数为 3.5 的柔性 Kapton 聚酰亚胺基板夹在两个柔性铜带之间制成，作为辐射贴片和接地平面，分别。辐射贴片采用曲折配置，具有三个槽，证明能够将微带天线的谐振频率从 2.4 GHz 降低到 900 MHz，而不会增加天线的整体尺寸（87% 紧凑）。通过进行弯曲和拉伸测试，研究了机械应力对天线性能的影响。天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴受到最小曲率半径为 86 mm 和 150 mm 的压缩弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大增加 3.1% 和 1.3%。类似地，天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴受到最小曲率半径为 79 mm 和 162 mm 的拉伸弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大降低 4.2% 和 0.3%。在沿 y 轴拉伸天线期间，对于 0.09% 的外加应变，测量到谐振频率整体下降 0.9%。天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴受到最小曲率半径为 86 mm 和 150 mm 的压缩弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大增加 3.1% 和 1.3%。类似地，天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴受到最小曲率半径为 79 mm 和 162 mm 的拉伸弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大降低 4.2% 和 0.3%。在沿 y 轴拉伸天线期间，对于 0.09% 的外加应变，测量到谐振频率整体下降 0.9%。天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴受到最小曲率半径为 86 mm 和 150 mm 的压缩弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大增加 3.1% 和 1.3%。类似地，天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴受到最小曲率半径为 79 mm 和 162 mm 的拉伸弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大降低 4.2% 和 0.3%。在沿 y 轴拉伸天线期间，对于 0.09% 的外加应变，测量到谐振频率整体下降 0.9%。天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴经受最小曲率半径为 79 毫米和 162 毫米的拉伸弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大降低 4.2% 和 0.3%。在沿 y 轴拉伸天线期间，对于 0.09% 的外加应变，测量到谐振频率整体下降 0.9%。天线沿 x 轴和 y 轴受到最小曲率半径为 79 毫米和 162 毫米的拉伸弯曲，导致谐振频率分别最大降低 4.2% 和 0.3%。在沿 y 轴拉伸天线期间，对于 0.09% 的外加应变，测量到谐振频率整体下降 0.9%。