Abstract Tungsten/steel joints are desired for fusion reactors and militarily applications, as it could combine the unique properties of these two dissimilar metals. In view of the large differences of physical and chemical properties between W and steel, diffusion bonding is considered to be the proper technique for joining of W to steel. In this paper, diffusion bonding of W to low activation ferritic/martensitic steel at 1050 °C with 50 MPa for 20 min by spark plasma sintering (SPS) were investigated. The results showed that direct diffusion bonding of W to steel was feasible. However, the formation of ferrite and carbide at the W/steel interface lowered the joint strength. Effects of the insertion of ductile interlayers (Nb, Nb/Ni) on the joining interface microstructure and mechanical properties of W/steel joints were studied. The detailed microstructural characterization revealed that Nb could prevent the formation of ferrite and carbide at the W/steel interface. The Ni promoted the interfacial diffusion between Nb and steel. The shear strength and Vickers hardness of the joints were evaluated.

中文翻译：

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放电等离子烧结Nb和Nb/Ni夹层W/钢接头的显微组织和力学性能

摘要 钨钢接头是聚变反应堆和军事应用所需要的，因为它可以结合这两种不同金属的独特性能。鉴于 W 和钢之间物理和化学性能的巨大差异，扩散结合被认为是将 W 连接到钢的合适技术。在本文中，研究了在 1050 °C、50 MPa、放电等离子烧结 (SPS) 下，W 与低活化铁素体/马氏体钢的扩散结合 20 分钟。结果表明，W与钢的直接扩散结合是可行的。然而，W/钢界面处铁素体和碳化物的形成降低了接头强度。研究了韧性夹层（Nb、Nb/Ni）的插入对 W/钢接头连接界面微观结构和力学性能的影响。详细的微观结构表征表明，Nb 可以防止在 W/钢界面处形成铁素体和碳化物。Ni促进了Nb和钢之间的界面扩散。评估接头的剪切强度和维氏硬度。