Residential satisfaction depends on housing and neighborhood conditions in addition to housing cost affordability. To determine the relative importance of these factors, their average effect is usually estimated using sample data, eventually split in subsamples to represent different levels of socioeconomic status. A concern about the division of households into groups is that, as groups are modified or group assignments change, results of quantitative analysis applied to such data can dramatically change. This article follows a subjective well-being approach to study residential satisfaction. We propose a novel empirical design to estimate how the effect of drivers of residential satisfaction change across household income distribution. We apply our empirical design to investigate residential satisfaction in 23 European countries using 2012 EU-SILC module on housing conditions. Our results show that: (i) in Europe, residential satisfaction is driven first by housing-specific characteristics, followed by neighborhood conditions and individual/household characteristics; (ii) the probability to be satisfied or very satisfied strongly differs across countries, everything else being equal; (iii) residents with different socioeconomic status attach importance to particular factors affecting residential satisfaction.

中文翻译：

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处理住宅满意度评估中的异质性

除了住房成本负担能力外，住宅满意度还取决于住房和社区条件。为了确定这些因素的相对重要性，通常使用样本数据估计它们的平均影响，最终分成子样本以代表不同的社会经济地位水平。对家庭分组的一个担忧是，随着组的修改或组分配的变化，应用于此类数据的定量分析结果可能会发生巨大变化。本文采用主观幸福感方法来研究住宅满意度。我们提出了一种新颖的实证设计来估计住宅满意度驱动因素对家庭收入分配的影响。我们应用我们的实证设计来调查 23 个欧洲国家的住宅满意度，使用 2012 年 EU-SILC 模块的住房条件。我们的研究结果表明：(i) 在欧洲，住宅满意度首先由住房特定特征驱动，其次是邻里条件和个人/家庭特征；(ii) 在其他条件相同的情况下，满足或非常满意的概率因国家而异；(iii) 不同社会经济地位的居民重视影响居住满意度的特定因素。(ii) 在其他条件相同的情况下，满足或非常满意的概率因国家而异；(iii) 不同社会经济地位的居民重视影响居住满意度的特定因素。(ii) 在其他条件相同的情况下，满足或非常满意的概率因国家而异；(iii) 不同社会经济地位的居民重视影响居住满意度的特定因素。