Rivers are one of the most critical and common supplies for drinking water, agricultural, and industrial uses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of land use changes on surface water quality of the Godarkhosh River as a semi-arid catchment in Iran, during dry and wet years using remote sensing, GIS and multivariate statistical techniques and compared the water quality parameters with Wilcox classification and Schuler diagram for classification of drinking water quality. Results showed that urban and barren land uses were the key factor affecting water quality variation. More minor water quality was accompanied with a more proportion of the urban and barren land uses during the wet and dry years in the catchment. No significant correlation was identified between the pH, SAR, Cl − and Ca 2+ values with the land use types in both wet and dry years, whereas the EC, TDS, and Mg 2+ concentrations were strongly associated with at least one land use type. A negative correlation of the most water quality parameters was obtained with grasslands and forestlands, especially in the wet year compared with other land uses. Generally, it can be concluded that the relevances between water quality parameters and land use types were stronger in the dry year than that in the wet year. Also, the correlation analysis indicated that all water quality parameters had negative relationships with the river flows. Furthermore, most of the water quality variables showed the increasing trend over time based on Mann–Kendall trend analysis. The results of this research showed that a combination of remote sensing methods, geographic information systems and multivariate statistical techniques can provide an overview of the relationship between land use and water quality and recommend that water quality can be betterment with suitable land use management.

中文翻译：

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半干旱集水区干湿年份土地利用变化对地表水质的影响（案例研究：Godarkhosh 集水区）

河流是饮用水、农业和工业用途中最重要和最常见的供应源之一。本研究的目的是利用遥感、地理信息系统和多元统计技术，调查土地利用变化对作为伊朗半干旱集水区戈达科什河地表水质的影响，在干湿年份使用遥感、地理信息系统和多变量统计技术，并比较水质。使用 Wilcox 分类和 Schuler 图对饮用水质量进行分类的参数。结果表明，城市和贫瘠土地利用是影响水质变化的关键因素。在流域的干湿年份，更多的次要水质伴随着更大比例的城市和贫瘠土地利用。在 pH、SAR、Cl - 和 Ca 2+ 值与干湿年份的土地利用类型有关，而 EC、TDS 和 Mg 2+ 浓度与至少一种土地利用类型密切相关。大多数水质参数与草地和林地呈负相关，与其他土地利用相比，尤其是在湿润年份。总的来说，可以得出结论，干旱年水质参数与土地利用类型之间的相关性强于湿润年。此外，相关性分析表明，所有水质参数都与河流流量呈负相关。此外，根据 Mann-Kendall 趋势分析，大多数水质变量显示出随时间增加的趋势。这项研究的结果表明，结合遥感方法，