We introduce a new version of the Earth System Regional Climate model RegCM‐ES and evaluate its performances for the first time over the Mediterranean region. The novel aspect of this coupled system is the possibility to simulate the dynamics of the marine ecosystem through a biogeochemical model, BFM (Biogeochemical Flux Model), coupled online with the ocean circulation model MITgcm (MIT general circulation model). The validation of atmosphere and ocean components has shown that the model is able to capture interannual and intermonthly variabilities of the atmospheric heat fluxes and spatial patterns of land surface temperature, precipitation, evaporation, and sea surface temperature with a general improvement compared to previous versions. At the same time, we diagnosed some prominent deficiencies as a warm and dry bias associated in summer with the resolution of the atmospheric module and the tuning of the boundary layer and convective precipitation scheme. On the biogeochemical side, RegCM‐ES shows good skills in reproducing mean values and spatial patterns of net primary production, phosphate, and horizontal/vertical patterns of chlorophyll‐a. Limitations in this case include deficiencies mainly in the simulation of mean values of nitrate and dissolved oxygen in the basin which have been associated with too large vertical mixing throughout the water column, deficiencies in the boundary conditions, and solubility computations. Overall, RegCM‐ES has the potential to become a suitable tool for the analysis of the impacts of climate change on the ocean and marine biogeochemistry in the Mediterranean region and many other domains.

中文翻译：

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区域地球系统模型RegCM-ES：地中海气候和海洋生物地球化学评估

我们引入了新版本的地球系统区域气候模型RegCM‐ES，并首次评估了其在地中海区域的性能。该耦合系统的新颖之处在于可以通过生物地球化学模型BFM（生物地球化学通量模型）与海洋环流模型MITgcm（麻省理工学院一般环流模型）在线耦合来模拟海洋生态系统的动力学。对大气和海洋成分的验证表明，该模型能够捕获大气热通量的年际和月际变化以及陆地表面温度，降水，蒸发和海面温度的空间格局，与以前的版本相比具有总体改进。同时，我们诊断出一些突出的缺陷，如夏季夏季的干燥偏热与大气模块的分辨率，边界层的调整和对流降水方案有关。在生物地球化学方面，RegCM‐ES在复制净初级生产的平均值和空间格局，磷酸盐以及叶绿素a的水平/垂直格局方面显示出良好的技能。这种情况下的局限性包括主要在模拟盆地中硝酸盐和溶解氧的平均值方面的缺陷，这些缺陷与整个水柱中的垂直混合太大，边界条件的缺陷以及溶解度计算有关。总体，