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Piezoelectric and Electrostatic Properties of Electrospun PVDF‐TrFE Nanofibers and their Role in Electromechanical Transduction in Nanogenerators and Strain Sensors
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 , DOI: 10.1002/mame.202000162
Francesco Calavalle 1, 2 , Marco Zaccaria 3 , Giacomo Selleri 3 , Tobias Cramer 1 , Davide Fabiani 3 , Beatrice Fraboni 1
Affiliation  

Piezo‐ and ferroelectric nanofibers of the polymer poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) have been widely employed in strain and pressure sensors as well as nanogenerators for energy harvesting. Despite this interest, the mechanism of electromechanical transduction is under debate and a deeper knowledge about relevant piezoelectric or electrostatic properties of nanofibers is crucial to optimize transduction efficiency. Here poly(vinylidenefluoride‐trifluoroethylene) nanofibers at different electrospinning conditions are prepared. Macroscopic electromechanical response of fiber mats with microscopic analysis of single nanofibers performed by piezoelectric and electrostatic force microscopy are compared. The results show that electrospinning favors the formation of the piezoelectric β‐phase in the polymer and leads directly to piezoelectric properties that are comparable to annealed thin films. However, during electrospinning the electric field is not strong enough to induce direct ferroelectric domain polarization. Instead accumulation of triboelectric surface charges and trapped space charge is observed in the polymer that explain the electret like macroscopic electromechanical response.

中文翻译:

电纺PVDF-TrFE纳米纤维的压电和静电特性及其在纳米发电机和应变传感器的机电转换中的作用

聚合物聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)的压电和铁电纳米纤维已广泛用于应变和压力传感器以及用于发电的纳米发电机。尽管有这种兴趣,机电转导的机制仍在争论中,并且对纳米纤维的相关压电或静电特性的更深入了解对于优化转导效率至关重要。这里准备了在不同电纺条件下的聚偏二氟乙烯-三氟乙烯纳米纤维。比较了纤维垫的​​宏观机电响应和通过压电和静电力显微镜对单个纳米纤维的微观分析。结果表明,静电纺丝有利于聚合物中压电β相的形成,并直接导致压电性能与退火薄膜相当。但是,在静电纺丝过程中,电场强度不足以引起直接铁电畴极化。相反,在聚合物中观察到摩擦电表面电荷和捕获的空间电荷的积累,这解释了驻极体,就像宏观的机电响应一样。
更新日期:2020-07-16
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