Computerised cognitive training (CCT) has been applied to improve cognitive function in pathological conditions and in healthy populations. Studies suggest that CCT produces near-transfer effects to cognitive functions, with less evidence for far-transfer. Newer applications of CTT in adults seem to produce certain far-transfer effects by influencing eating behaviour and weight loss. However, this is more unexplored in children and adolescents. We conducted a systematic review of 16 studies with randomised controlled design to assess the impact of CCT on cognitive functioning and real-life outcomes, including eating behaviour, in children and adolescents with typical development (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019123889). Results show near-transfer effects to working memory, with inconsistent results regarding far-transfer effects to other cognitive functions and real-life measures. Long-term effects show the same trend. Far-transfer effects occurred after cue-related inhibitory control and attentional training, although effects seem not to last. CCT may be a potential weight-loss treatment option but more research is needed to determine the specific characteristics to enhance treatment outcomes.

计算机认知训练（CCT）已应用于改善病理状况和健康人群的认知功能。研究表明，CCT对认知功能产生近转移效应，而远转移的证据较少。成人中CTT的新应用似乎通过影响饮食行为和减肥而产生一定的远传效应。但是，这在儿童和青少年中尚未发现。我们对16项具有随机对照设计的研究进行了系统评价，以评估CCT对典型发育儿童和青少年认知功能和现实结果（包括饮食行为）的影响（PROSPERO注册号：CRD42019123889）。结果显示对工作记忆的近转移效应，与远传效应对其他认知功能和现实生活的测量结果不一致。长期影响显示出相同的趋势。提示相关的抑制性控制和注意训练后，发生了远转移效应，尽管这种效应似乎没有持续。CCT可能是潜在的减肥治疗选择，但需要更多的研究来确定增强治疗效果的具体特征。