Emerging evidence indicates that acute bouts of cardiovascular exercise promote motor memory formation. In this preregistered meta-analysis (CRD42018106288) we synthesize data from 22 studies published until February 2020, including a total of 862 participants.

We calculated standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) to assess exercise effects on motor memory encoding and consolidation, respectively. The pooled data indicate that exercise mainly benefits the consolidation of memories, with exercise prior to motor practice improving early non-sleep consolidation (SMD, 0.58; 95 % CI, 0.30–0.86; p < 0.001), and post-practice exercise facilitating sleep-dependent consolidation (SMD, 0.62; 95 % CI, 0.34–0.90; p < 0.001). Strongest effects exist for high exercise intensities, and motor task nature appears to be another relevant modulator.

We demonstrate that acute cardiovascular exercise particularly promotes the consolidation of acquired motor memories, and exercise timing, and intensity as well as motor task nature seem to critically modulate this relationship. These findings are discussed within currently proposed models of motor memory formation and considering molecular and systemic mechanisms of neural plasticity.

新兴证据表明，心血管运动的急性发作会促进运动记忆形成。在这项预先注册的荟萃分析（CRD42018106288）中，我们综合了2020年2月之前发布的22项研究的数据，其中包括862名参与者。

我们计算了95％置信区间（CI）的标准化平均差异（SMD），以分别评估运动对运动记忆编码和巩固的影响。汇总的数据表明，运动主要有益于记忆的巩固，在运动练习之前进行的运动可以改善早期的非睡眠巩固（SMD，0.58； 95％CI，0.30–0.86； p <0.001），而运动后的运动则有助于睡眠依赖性固结（SMD，0.62； 95％CI，0.34-0.90； p <0.001）。高强度运动对人体的影响最大，运动任务的性质似乎是另一种相关的调节剂。

我们证明，急性心血管运动尤其会促进获得性运动记忆的巩固，而运动时间，强度和运动任务性质似乎会严重调节这种关系。这些发现在目前提出的运动记忆形成模型中进行了讨论，并考虑了神经可塑性的分子和系统机制。