Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising and non-invasive modality for cancer treatments. Photosensitizers, as one of the essential elements in PDT, play a crucial role in the practical applications of PDT. Exposure to suitable light irradiation leads these photosensitizers to absorb the energy and move to excited state. Eventually, they transfer the energy to surrounding molecules and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly the singlet oxygen (¹O₂). Porphyrins, consisting of tetrapyrrole bridged with four methylene groups, are the classical and typical photosensitizers. However, the poor water-solubility, low biostability and non-specific tumor-targeting properties of porphyrins limit the PDT efficiency and their clinical applications. Thus, in order to promote the PDT efficiency of porphyrins, a variety of modification and functionalization strategies have been developed to construct multi-dimensional porphyrin-based functional materials. Herein, we summarize the recent advances of porphyrin-based functional materials from the following aspects: (1) the porphyrinic amphiphiles, (2) physical encapsulation of porphyrins by nanoparticles, (3) the construction of porphyrin-based polymers including block copolymers with covalent bonding and supramolecular polymers with non-covalent bonding, and (4) porphyrin-based organic frameworks. We believe that the development of porphyrin-based functional materials provide more fascinating superiorities in PDT and dramatically expand the potentials and possibilities in cancer treatments.

光动力疗法（PDT）已经成为一种有前途的无创治疗癌症的方法。光敏剂作为PDT的基本元素之一，在PDT的实际应用中起着至关重要的作用。暴露于合适的光照射下会导致这些光敏剂吸收能量并进入激发态。最终，它们将能量转移到周围的分子上，并产生活性氧（ROS），特别是单线态氧（¹ O ₂）。卟啉由经典的和典型的光敏剂组成，卟啉由与四个亚甲基桥接的四吡咯组成。然而，卟啉的差的水溶性，低的生物稳定性和非特异性的靶向肿瘤的特性限制了PDT的效率及其临床应用。因此，为了提高卟啉的PDT效率，已经开发了多种修饰和功能化策略来构建基于卟啉的多维功能材料。在此，我们从以下几个方面总结了卟啉基功能材料的最新进展：（1）卟啉两亲物；（2）纳米粒子对卟啉的物理包封；（3）卟啉基聚合物的构建，包括具有共价键的嵌段共聚物键和具有非共价键的超分子聚合物，（4）卟啉基有机骨架。我们相信，基于卟啉的功能材料的开发在PDT中提供了更令人着迷的优势，并极大地扩展了癌症治疗的潜力和可能性。