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Differential immediate early gene activity revealed by playback of male and female incomplete chick-a-dee calls.
Behavioural Brain Research ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112775
E N Scully 1 , C Montenegro 1 , C B Sturdy 2
Affiliation  

In both humans and animals, biological differences between males and females has long been a topic of research. In songbirds, sexual dimorphisms can be seen in many species’ plumage and heard in some species’ songs. However, not all songbirds have such overt phenotypic sexual differences, leading to the question: are all vocalizations dimorphic? One of the most used and versatile vocalizations of the black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) is their namesake chick-a-dee call, that is produced by both sexes. This call is composed of four note types: A, B, C (together chick-a), and D (dee). Previous research has found that A notes contain information regarding the sex of the caller. However, chickadees do not categorize full chick-a-dee calls, or altered chick-a calls, based on the sex of the caller. Here we presented both male and female chickadees with altered chick-a calls (dee portion removed) of both sexes and measured the number of ZENK labeled cells in auditory nuclei. We found that calls produced by males and females had more ZENK labeled cells than the control condition; however, there was no significant difference in ZENK labeled cells between male and female listeners. Overall, our results suggest that black-capped chickadees do not perceive sexual differences in the production of chick-a calls.



中文翻译:

通过回放雄性和雌性不完整的小鸡叫声揭示了不同的即刻早期基因活动。

在人类和动物中,雄性和雌性之间的生物学差异长期以来一直是研究的课题。在鸣禽中,可以在许多物种的羽毛中看到两性异形,并在某些物种的歌曲中听到。然而,并非所有鸣禽都具有如此明显的性别表型差异,这就引出了一个问题:所有的发声都是二态的吗?黑顶山雀(Poecile atricapillus)最常用和最通用的发声之一是它们的同名小鸡叫声,它由两性发出。这个调用由四种音符类型组成:A、B、C(一起小鸡-a)和D(dee)。先前的研究发现,A 笔记包含有关来电者性别的信息。然而,山雀不会对完整的小鸡叫声进行分类,或改变小鸡呼叫,基于呼叫者的性别。在这里,我们向雄性和雌性山雀展示了两种性别的改变的小鸡-a呼叫(去除了dee部分),并测量了听觉核中 ZENK 标记的细胞数量。我们发现,与对照条件相比,雄性和雌性发出的呼叫具有更多的 ZENK 标记细胞;然而,男性和女性听众之间 ZENK 标记的细胞没有显着差异。总的来说,我们的结果表明,黑头山雀在发出小鸡叫声时没有感知到性别差异。

更新日期:2020-06-23
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