Myrtaceae Juss. is a very large family of flowering plants, that are a valuable source of bioactive compounds. From the phytochemical point of view, apart from ubiquitous tannins, flavonoid derivatives and volatile oils, Myrtaceae plants are very rich in phloroglucinol derivatives, divided in two principal subclasses: oligomeric acylphloroglucinols and phloroglucinol-terpene adducts. Despite this large structural variability, many studies on phloroglucinols from the Myrtaceae have focused on unique bioactive acylphloroglucinol compounds, named myrtucommulones. Nevertheless, many studies also reported other interesting phloroglucinol derivatives. Therefore, in this review, a comprehensive description of the chemical features of acylphloroglucinols and meroterpenoid-acylphloroglucinols from the Myrtaceae family is presented along with their biological activities. Moreover, since myrtucommulones and their derivatives have become attractive targets for organic chemists, thanks to their structural features and biological activities, relevant approaches and synthetic procedures are herewith discussed.

桃金娘科Juss。是一个非常大的开花植物科，它们是生物活性化合物的宝贵来源。从植物化学的观点来看，桃金娘科植物除了普遍存在的单宁，类黄酮衍生物和挥发油外，还富含间苯三酚衍生物，分为两个主要的亚类：低聚酰基间苯三酚和间苯三酚-萜烯加合物。尽管存在如此大的结构变异性，但是对桃金娘科中间苯三酚的许多研究仍集中在独特的具有生物活性的酰基间苯三酚化合物，称为myrtucommulones。尽管如此，许多研究还报道了其他有趣的间苯三酚衍生物。因此，在这篇评论中，提出了对桃金娘科的酰基间苯三酚和甲类萜类-酰基间苯三酚的化学特征及其生物学活性的全面描述。此外，由于肉豆蔻酮及其衍生物已成为有机化学家的有吸引力的靶标，由于它们的结构特征和生物活性，因此讨论了相关的方法和合成方法。