The Dy³⁺ single doped and Dy³⁺/Sc³⁺ co-doped CeO₂ electrolyte powders were successfully synthesized by a sol–gel method followed by calcination at 800 °C for 3 h. The powdered samples were isostatically dry-pressed at 200 MPa and sintered at 1450 °C for 5 h to form into cylindrical electrolyte discs for testing. A total of four samples were prepared in this study, namely Ce_0.75Sc_xDy_0.25−xO_δ where x = 0, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 mol. This work investigated the factors of influencing the electrical conductivity of Dy³⁺/Sc³⁺ co-doped electrolyte, relative to the Dy³⁺ single doped CeO₂. The phase, surface morphology, and oxygen vacancy were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Raman spectrometer, respectively. The results of this study showed that the doped CeO₂ samples retain a singular cubic fluorite structure of CeO₂, but with further contracted unit cell dimensions relative to the Dy³⁺ single doped CeO₂. The co-doping of Sc³⁺ was found to reduce the grain size, increase the oxygen vacancy concentration, and enhance the conductivity of the co-doped CeO₂ samples than the Dy³⁺ single doped sample. The highest electrical conductivity of 2.32 × 10⁻² S cm⁻¹ at 600 °C was achieved at the Sc³⁺ doping level of x = 0.04 mol among all co-doped samples, corresponding to the highest oxygen vacancy concentration found in these samples.

通过溶胶-凝胶法成功地合成了Dy ³⁺单掺杂和Dy ³⁺ / Sc ³⁺共掺杂CeO ₂电解质粉末，然后在800°C下煅烧3 h。将粉末状样品在200 MPa下等压干压，并在1450°C下烧结5 h，以形成圆柱形电解质圆盘以进行测试。总共四个样品在该研究中制备的，即铈_0.75钪_X的Dy _{0.25- X} ø _δ，其中X  = 0，0.03，0.04，和0.05摩尔。这项工作研究了影响Dy ³⁺ / Sc ³⁺电导率的因素相对于Dy ³⁺单掺杂CeO _2的共掺杂电解质。通过X射线衍射（XRD），扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和拉曼光谱仪分别表征相，表面形态和氧空位。这项研究的结果表明，掺杂的CeO ₂样品保留的CeO的奇异立方萤石结构₂，但具有相对于所述的Dy进一步收缩单位晶胞尺寸³⁺单掺杂的CeO ₂。Sc的共掺杂³⁺发现减小晶粒尺寸，增加氧空位浓度，增强了共掺杂的CeO的电导率_2个比样品的Dy ³⁺单掺杂样品。 在所有共掺杂样品中，Sc ³⁺掺杂水平x = 0.04 mol时，在600°C时达到2.32×10 ^-2  S cm ^-1的最高电导率，与这些样品中的最高氧空位浓度相对应。