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Analysis of transcript-deleterious variants in Mendelian disorders: implications for RNA-based diagnostics
Genome Biology ( IF 12.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 , DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02053-9
Sateesh Maddirevula 1 , Hiroyuki Kuwahara 2 , Nour Ewida 1 , Hanan E Shamseldin 1 , Nisha Patel 1 , Fatema Alzahrani 1 , Tarfa AlSheddi 1 , Eman AlObeid 1 , Mona Alenazi 1 , Hessa S Alsaif 1 , Maha Alqahtani 1 , Maha AlAli 1 , Hatoon Al Ali 1 , Rana Helaby 1 , Niema Ibrahim 1 , Firdous Abdulwahab 1 , Mais Hashem 1 , Nadine Hanna 3 , Dorota Monies 1 , Nada Derar 4 , Afaf Alsagheir 5 , Amal Alhashem 6, 7 , Badr Alsaleem 8 , Hamoud Alhebbi 6 , Sami Wali 6 , Ramzan Umarov 2 , Xin Gao 2 , Fowzan S Alkuraya 1, 6, 7
Affiliation  

Background At least 50% of patients with suspected Mendelian disorders remain undiagnosed after whole-exome sequencing (WES), and the extent to which non-coding variants that are not captured by WES contribute to this fraction is unclear. Whole transcriptome sequencing is a promising supplement to WES, although empirical data on the contribution of RNA analysis to the diagnosis of Mendelian diseases on a large scale are scarce. Results Here, we describe our experience with transcript-deleterious variants (TDVs) based on a cohort of 5647 families with suspected Mendelian diseases. We first interrogate all families for which the respective Mendelian phenotype could be mapped to a single locus to obtain an unbiased estimate of the contribution of TDVs at 18.9%. We examine the entire cohort and find that TDVs account for 15% of all “solved” cases. We compare the results of RT-PCR to in silico prediction. Definitive results from RT-PCR are obtained from blood-derived RNA for the overwhelming majority of variants (84.1%), and only a small minority (2.6%) fail analysis on all available RNA sources (blood-, skin fibroblast-, and urine renal epithelial cells-derived), which has important implications for the clinical application of RNA-seq. We also show that RNA analysis can establish the diagnosis in 13.5% of 155 patients who had received “negative” clinical WES reports. Finally, our data suggest a role for TDVs in modulating penetrance even in otherwise highly penetrant Mendelian disorders. Conclusions Our results provide much needed empirical data for the impending implementation of diagnostic RNA-seq in conjunction with genome sequencing.

中文翻译:

孟德尔疾病中转录有害变异的分析:对基于 RNA 的诊断的影响

背景 至少 50% 的疑似孟德尔疾病患者在全外显子组测序 (WES) 后仍未确诊,并且 WES 未捕获的非编码变异对这一部分的贡献程度尚不清楚。全转录组测序是对 WES 的有希望的补充,尽管关于 RNA 分析对大规模孟德尔疾病诊断贡献的经验数据很少。结果 在这里,我们根据 5647 个疑似孟德尔疾病家族的队列描述了我们在转录有害变体 (TDV) 方面的经验。我们首先询问所有可以将其各自的孟德尔表型映射到单个基因座的家族,以获得对 TDV 贡献的无偏估计为 18.9%。我们检查了整个队列,发现 TDV 占所有“已解决”案例的 15%。我们将 RT-PCR 的结果与计算机预测的结果进行比较。RT-PCR 的最终结果是从血液来源的 RNA 中获得的绝大多数变异 (84.1%),只有一小部分 (2.6%) 未能对所有可用的 RNA 来源(血液、皮肤成纤维细胞和尿液)进行分析肾上皮细胞衍生),这对 RNA-seq 的临床应用具有重要意义。我们还表明,在收到“阴性”临床 WES 报告的 155 名患者中,RNA 分析可以确定 13.5% 的诊断。最后,我们的数据表明 TDV 在调节外显率中的作用,即使在其他高度外显的孟德尔疾病中也是如此。结论我们的结果为即将实施的诊断性 RNA-seq 与基因组测序提供了急需的经验数据。RT-PCR 的最终结果是从血液来源的 RNA 中获得的绝大多数变异 (84.1%),只有一小部分 (2.6%) 未能对所有可用的 RNA 来源(血液、皮肤成纤维细胞和尿液)进行分析肾上皮细胞衍生),这对 RNA-seq 的临床应用具有重要意义。我们还表明,在收到“阴性”临床 WES 报告的 155 名患者中,RNA 分析可以确定 13.5% 的诊断。最后,我们的数据表明 TDV 在调节外显率中的作用,即使在其他高度外显的孟德尔疾病中也是如此。结论我们的结果为即将实施的诊断性 RNA-seq 与基因组测序提供了急需的经验数据。RT-PCR 的最终结果是从血液来源的 RNA 中获得的绝大多数变异 (84.1%),只有一小部分 (2.6%) 未能对所有可用的 RNA 来源(血液、皮肤成纤维细胞和尿液)进行分析肾上皮细胞衍生),这对 RNA-seq 的临床应用具有重要意义。我们还表明,在收到“阴性”临床 WES 报告的 155 名患者中,RNA 分析可以确定 13.5% 的诊断。最后,我们的数据表明 TDV 在调节外显率中的作用,即使在其他高度外显的孟德尔疾病中也是如此。结论我们的结果为即将实施的诊断性 RNA-seq 与基因组测序提供了急需的经验数据。
更新日期:2020-06-17
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