Dietary intervention has been reported to improve intestinal health. The intestinal microbiota of newborn animals plays a fundamental role in the development of intestinal function and the innate immune system. However, little is currently known about dietary interventions in the gut microbiota and barrier function of livestock, especially suckling Bamei piglets. To this end, we studied the effect of early dietary supplementation on intestinal bacterial communities and intestinal barrier function in piglets. 10 purebred Bamei sows were randomly allocated into two groups. In group one, the piglets received a supplementary milk replacer on day 7 of age, whereas the other control group was allowed sow’s milk alone. At 21 days, 18 and 17, respectively, piglets in each group of average weight were randomly selected and sacrificed. Tissue and digesta samples were collected from the jejunum to evaluate differences in the microbiome-metabolome and the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (TLR4, TNFα and IL-8) and barrier proteins (ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1). Sequencing of 16S rRNA revealed that ES improved the gut microbiome composition of Bamei suckling piglets. The relative abundances of some bacterial species such as Lactobacillales, Romboutsia, Actinobacillus, Bacteroides were significantly reduced in the ES group. Metabolomics analysis indicated that 23 compounds were enriched and 35 compounds decreased in the ES group. And correlation analysis demonstrated that some gut bacterial genera were highly correlated with altered gut microbiota-related metabolites. Meanwhile, ES of Bamei suckling piglets altered the gene expression of inflammatory cytokine and barrier protein in the jejunum. In summary, these results provide important insights on the relationships between jejunal microbiota and related metabolites, and jejunal barrier function during the early life of Bamei suckling piglets.

中文翻译：

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八眉乳猪早期补充喂养的空肠炎症细胞因子、屏障蛋白和微生物组-代谢组反应。

据报道，饮食干预可以改善肠道健康。新生动物的肠道微生物群在肠道功能和先天免疫系统的发育中发挥着重要作用。然而，目前对牲畜（尤其是八眉仔猪）肠道微生物群和屏障功能的饮食干预知之甚少。为此，我们研究了早期日粮补充对仔猪肠道细菌群落和肠道屏障功能的影响。10头纯种八眉母猪随机分为两组。在第一组中，仔猪在第 7 天时接受补充代乳品，而另一组则只接受母乳。分别于第21天、18天和17天时，随机选取各组平均体重的仔猪处死。从空肠收集组织和食糜样本，以评估微生物组-代谢组以及炎症细胞因子（TLR4、TNFα 和 IL-8）和屏障蛋白（ZO-1、Occludin 和 Claudin-1）的 mRNA 表达的差异。16S rRNA 测序表明，ES 改善了八眉乳仔猪的肠道微生物组成。ES组中一些细菌种类的相对丰度显着降低，例如乳杆菌目、Romboutsia、放线杆菌属、拟杆菌属。代谢组学分析表明，ES组中有23种化合物富集，35种化合物减少。相关性分析表明，一些肠道细菌属与肠道微生物群相关代谢物的改变高度相关。同时，八眉乳猪的ES改变了空肠中炎症细胞因子和屏障蛋白的基因表达。总之，这些结果为八眉乳仔猪早期空肠微生物群与相关代谢物之间的关系以及空肠屏障功能提供了重要的见解。