Rubber spring plays an important role in improving train performance, so the study of rubber spring is one of the focuses of train dynamics. The vertical characteristic parameters of rubber spring are affected by prepressure significantly, as a result of varying parameters of static stiffness, dynamic stiffness, periodic energy consumption, damping coefficient, and so on. In order to use the theoretical method to calculate the precise static stiffness and predict the dynamic characteristics and to reduce the workload of the rubber spring performance test, this paper takes the annular rubber pad as an example to study with different prepressures. In this paper, the convexity coefficient correction formula (simply called the CCCF) for static stiffness calculation and the dynamic fiducial conversion coefficient (simply called the DFCC) method based on different prepressures are proposed. Through further analysis, the accuracy of CCCF and DFCC is proved both theoretically and experimentally. The results have shown precise prediction of the variation of prepressure on rubber spring parameters by using CCCF and DFCC and can be used as the reference of accurate vertical dynamic-static characteristics of the rubber spring.

中文翻译：

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高速动车组橡胶垫预压变化的垂直特性研究

橡胶弹簧在改善列车性能方面起着重要作用，因此橡胶弹簧的研究是列车动力学的重点之一。由于静态刚度，动态刚度，周期性能耗，阻尼系数等参数的变化，橡胶弹簧的垂直特性参数会受到预压的显着影响。为了利用理论方法计算出精确的静刚度并预测动态特性，减少橡胶弹簧性能测试的工作量，以环形橡胶垫为例，研究了不同预压的情况。在本文中，提出了用于静刚度计算的凸系数校正公式（简称CCCF）和基于不同预压的动态基准转换系数（简称DFCC）方法。通过进一步的分析，从理论上和实验上证明了CCCF和DFCC的准确性。结果表明，通过使用CCCF和DFCC可以精确预测橡胶弹簧参数上的预压变化，并可作为橡胶弹簧精确的垂直动静特性的参考。