Holocaust and genocide scholars have long recognized the family as a relevant, if neglected, topic of research. In this article, we examine the spatiotemporal patterns of Jewish arrests during the Holocaust in Italy, concentrating on family patterns and building on previous work on arrest patterns for individuals. Starting from a large historical geographical information system of individual victims, we devised a methodology to identify family groups and determine whether and when family members were arrested together, thereby achieving the objective of studying the event from multiple resolutions and scales of analysis. Results show considerable differences in spatiotemporal patterns for families and individuals, suggesting a higher vulnerability of families to roundups and marked differences as concerns the nationality of both perpetrators and victims. In addition to contributing to the geography of the Holocaust, the conceptual model we devised for this study can be used in other contexts where the family is the object of research.

中文翻译：

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意大利大屠杀的地理：家庭和个人被捕的时空模式和概念模型

大屠杀和种族灭绝学者长期以来一直认为家庭是一个相关的研究课题，如果被忽视的话。在本文中，我们研究了意大利大屠杀期间犹太人被捕的时空模式，重点关注家庭模式，并以先前关于个人逮捕模式的工作为基础。我们从一个庞大的个体受害者历史地理信息系统出发，设计了一种方法来识别家庭群体，并确定家庭成员是否以及何时一起被捕，从而达到从多个分辨率和分析尺度研究事件的目的。结果显示家庭和个人的时空模式存在显着差异，表明家庭更容易受到围捕，并且在肇事者和受害者的国籍方面存在显着差异。除了对大屠杀的地理做出贡献之外，我们为这项研究设计的概念模型还可用于以家庭为研究对象的其他背景。