Abstract

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are important secondary metabolites crucial for the quality of grape berry and wine. Despite important advances in our understanding of the structural and regulatory genes involved in the PAs biosynthesis pathway, our knowledge about the details of biosynthetic and regulatory networks, especially the mechanism of polymerization and transportation remains limited. We provided an overview of the latest discoveries related to the mechanisms of grape PAs structure, astringency properties, detection methods, biosynthesis and transportation. We also summarized the environmental influencing factors of PAs synthesis in grape. Future trends were discussed.

摘要

原花青素 (PA) 是重要的次级代谢产物，对葡萄浆果和葡萄酒的质量至关重要。尽管我们对参与 PA 生物合成途径的结构和调控基因的理解取得了重要进展，但我们对生物合成和调控网络的细节，特别是聚合和运输机制的了解仍然有限。我们概述了与葡萄 PAs 结构机制、涩味特性、检测方法、生物合成和运输相关的最新发现。我们还总结了葡萄中PAs合成的环境影响因素。讨论了未来的趋势。