Abstract

Anammox has been recognized as the current most cost-effective nitrogen removal process. However, the issue of excess nitrate residue from its effluent remains to be addressed in order to meet the increasingly stringent discharge standard. Other than nitrogen, certain types of wastewater have organic matter that also needs to be removed. Within this context, denitrification can be introduced to reduce nitrate produced in anammox process and improve effluent quality. Meanwhile, the organic content of wastewater can be also controlled. In such integrated system, maintaining the predominant role of anammox is of supreme importance in achieving the stable operation. This study reviews the strategies to establish a competition balance between anammox and denitrification processes by analyzing the kinetics of anammox and denitrifying microorganisms, discussing the favorable conditions in establishing the coupled process, and evaluating the system recovery approaches. Moreover, the dynamics of the microbial communities in response to the organic matters are also presented in order to better understand the complex interactions inside the system and provide a molecular insight in regulating the growth of the two functional bacteria for the stable coexistence. This review offers a guide for future engineering application on anammox coupled denitrification technology for advanced nitrogen removal.

摘要

Anammox 已被公认为目前最具成本效益的脱氮工艺。然而，为满足日益严格的排放标准，其废水中硝酸盐残留物过多的问题仍有待解决。除氮外，某些类型的废水还含有需要去除的有机物。在这种情况下，可以引入反硝化以减少厌氧氨氧化过程中产生的硝酸盐并改善出水质量。同时，还可以控制废水的有机物含量。在这样的集成系统中，保持厌氧氨氧化的主导作用对于实现稳定运行至关重要。本研究通过分析厌氧氨氧化和反硝化微生物的动力学，回顾了在厌氧氨氧化和反硝化过程之间建立竞争平衡的策略，讨论建立耦合过程的有利条件，并评估系统恢复方法。此外，还介绍了微生物群落响应有机物的动态，以更好地了解系统内部的复杂相互作用，并为调节两种功能细菌的生长以实现稳定共存提供分子见解。本综述为厌氧氨氧化耦合脱氮技术的未来工程应用提供了先进的脱氮指南。还介绍了微生物群落对有机物的反应动态，以更好地了解系统内部的复杂相互作用，并为调节两种功能细菌的生长以实现稳定共存提供分子见解。本综述为厌氧氨氧化耦合脱氮技术的未来工程应用提供了先进的脱氮指南。还介绍了微生物群落对有机物的反应动态，以更好地了解系统内部的复杂相互作用，并为调节两种功能细菌的生长以实现稳定共存提供分子见解。本综述为厌氧氨氧化耦合脱氮技术的未来工程应用提供了先进的脱氮指南。