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3D Immunocompetent Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Models
Small Methods ( IF 12.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000235
Sushila Maharjan 1 , Berivan Cecen 1 , Yu Shrike Zhang 1
Affiliation  

In recent years, engineering of various human tissues in microphysiologically relevant platforms, known as organs‐on‐chips (OOCs), are explored to establish in vitro tissue models that recapitulate the microenvironments found in native organs and tissues. However, most of these models have overlooked the important roles of immune cells in maintaining tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions and in modulating the tissue microenvironments during pathophysiology. Significantly, gradual progress is being made in the development of more sophisticated microphysiologically relevant human‐based OOC models that allow the studies of the key biophysiological aspects of specific tissues or organs, interactions between cells (parenchymal, vascular, and immune cells) and their extracellular matrix molecules, effects of native tissue architectures (geometry, dynamic flow, or mechanical forces) on tissue functions, as well as unravelling the mechanism underlying tissue‐specific diseases and drug testing. In this progress report, the different components of the immune system, as well as immune OOC platforms and immunocompetent OOC approaches that have simulated one or more components of the immune system, are discussed. The challenges to recreate a fully functional tissue system in vitro with a focus on the incorporation of the immune system are also outlined.

中文翻译:

3D 免疫活性器官芯片模型

近年来,人们探索在微生理学相关平台(称为器官芯片(OOC))中对各种人体组织进行工程改造,以建立体外组织模型,重现天然器官和组织中发现的微环境。然而,大多数这些模型都忽视了免疫细胞在生理条件下维持组织稳态以及在病理生理学过程中调节组织微环境中的重要作用。值得注意的是,在开发更复杂的微生理学相关的人体 OOC 模型方面正在逐步取得进展,这些模型可以研究特定组织或器官的关键生物生理学方面、细胞(实质细胞、血管细胞和免疫细胞)及其细胞外细胞之间的相互作用基质分子、天然组织结构(几何形状、动态流动或机械力)对组织功能的影响,以及揭示组织特异性疾病和药物测试的潜在机制。在这份进展报告中,讨论了免疫系统的不同组成部分,以及模拟免疫系统的一个或多个组成部分的免疫 OOC 平台和免疫功能 OOC 方法。还概述了在体外重建功能齐全的组织系统所面临的挑战,重点是免疫系统的整合。
更新日期:2020-06-17
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