Ecosystem services (ES) evaluation is included in the environmental programs and policy strategies of protected natural areas in many countries. Alpine forests and grasslands play an important role in climate regulation but their contribution is still unknown. In this study, we estimated soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks for forest and grassland habitats by collecting samples from 87 plots in Gran Paradiso National Park (western Italian Alps). Results of the LMM show that habitat type affects SOC stock; grasslands and mixed broadleaf forests store higher SOC than mixed coniferous forests, spruce forests and larch forests. We investigate the relationships between biodiversity, SOC stock, OC stock in organic layers, soil types, forests structure and other environmental features using a canonical component analysis and a Pearson correlation matrix. The results show that biodiversity is mainly influenced by the altitude, OC stock in organic layers OH and habitats of coniferous forests. Biodiversity positively correlates to organic layers (Staphylinidae, Formicidae, Orthoptera), forests’ Shannon and evenness indices (Carabidae, Formicidae, Orthoptera, Aranea, Lepidoptera) and forests’ basal areas and stem density (Staphylinidae, Formicidae, Aranea). Further studies are needed to better investigate the relation between biodiversity and habitat features on ecosystem functions and thus on the provision of ES.

在许多国家，生态系统服务（ES）评估已包括在自然保护区的环境计划和政策策略中。高山森林和草原在气候调节中起着重要作用，但其贡献仍然未知。在这项研究中，我们通过收集格兰帕拉迪索国家公园（意大利西部阿尔卑斯山）的87个样地中的样本，估算了森林和草地栖息地的土壤有机碳（SOC）储量。LMM的结果表明，栖息地类型会影响SOC储量。草原和混合阔叶林的SOC高于混合针叶林，云杉林和落叶松林。我们使用规范成分分析和Pearson相关矩阵，研究了生物多样性，SOC储量，有机层中的OC储量，土壤类型，森林结构和其他环境特征之间的关系。结果表明，生物多样性主要受海拔高度，有机层OH中的OC含量以及针叶林生境的影响。生物多样性与有机层（Staphylinidae，Formicidae，Orthoptera），森林的香农和均匀度指数（Carabidae，Formicidae，Orthoptera，Aranea，Lepidoptera）以及森林的基础面积和茎密度（Staphylinidae，Formicidae，Aranea）成正相关。需要进一步研究，以更好地调查生物多样性与生境特征之间在生态系统功能以及生态系统提供方面的关系。直翅目，Aranea，鳞翅目）和森林的基础面积和茎密度（Staphylinidae，Formicidae，Aranea）。需要进一步研究，以更好地调查生物多样性与生境特征之间在生态系统功能以及生态系统提供方面的关系。直翅目，Aranea，鳞翅目）和森林的基础面积和茎密度（Staphylinidae，Formicidae，Aranea）。需要进一步研究，以更好地调查生物多样性与生境特征之间在生态系统功能以及生态系统提供方面的关系。