Abstract—Obesity is one of the major challenges in modern society. More than a third of the world’s population suffers froms overweight. This phenotype affects the quality of life and is associated with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and reproductive disorders. The population variability of allele frequencies of 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms, in association with obesity and body mass index, according to data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is discussed in this study. Genetic variability was analyzed in populations of Northern Eurasia and populations from the human genome diversity project (HGDP). The population samples are characterized by high genetic diversity that correlates with climatic and geographical parameters. The results of the test for searching for natural selection signals revealed a selection effect for rs1167827 of the HIP1 gene, rs7138803 and rs7164727 located in the intergenic region, rs7141420 of the NRXN3 gene, rs7498665 of the SH2B1 gene, and rs7903146 of the TCF7L2 gene.

中文翻译：

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自然选择在通过SNP标记与体重指数和肥胖相关的人群遗传结构形成中的作用

摘要—肥胖是现代社会的主要挑战之一。全球三分之一以上的人口患有超重。该表型影响生活质量，并与心血管疾病，糖尿病，癌症和生殖疾病有关。根据来自全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的数据，研究了26个单核苷酸多态性的等位基因频率与肥胖和体重指数的人群变异性。分析了北欧亚大陆的种群和人类基因组多样性项目（HGDP）的种群的遗传变异性。种群样本的特征是与气候和地理参数相关的高遗传多样性。HIP1基因，rs7138803和rs7164727位于基因间区域，NRXN3基因的rs7141420，SH2B1基因的rs7498665和TCF7L2基因的rs7903146 。