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Effects of fire on native columnar and globular cacti of Puerto Rico: a case study of El Faro, Cabo Rojo
Fire Ecology ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 , DOI: 10.1186/s42408-020-00075-z
Roberto Carrera-Martínez , Jorge Ruiz-Arocho , Laura Aponte-Díaz , David A. Jenkins , Joseph J. O’Brien

Many Puerto Rican ecosystems evolved without a regular fire regime. As such, many native plants lack adaptations necessary to survive even low-intensity fires. Human-caused fires are increasing in frequency, in part promoted by the presence of invasive grasses. During the afternoon of 19 February 2014, a wildfire burned a large portion of the dry forest in El Faro Natural Reserve, Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico. Using a previously monitored population, we documented the mortality and morphological damage on three columnar and semi-epiphytic cactus species (Pilosocereus royenii [L.] Byles & Rowley, Harrisia portoricensis Britton, and Leptocereus quadricostatus Britton) and one globular species (Melocactus intortus [Mill.] Urb.) in relation to canopy cover and cactus growth strategy. Our results suggest that M. intortus and H. portoricensis were more susceptible to fire damage. Cacti growing in areas dominated by grasses and shrubs were significantly more likely to burn than those growing under a closed tree canopy. Apart from L. quadricostatus, cacti that survived at least one year after the fire had lost spines, developed scarring tissue in some or all ribs, and few were able to regrow. Because extensive tissue damage and environmental alterations were observed during the post-fire survey, which occurred between 14 to 19 months after the fire, we argue there will be significant delayed mortality and that the mortality estimates presented here are conservative.

中文翻译:

火对波多黎各原生柱状和球状仙人掌的影响:以El Faro,Cabo Rojo为例

许多波多黎各人的生态系统在没有常规火灾的情况下演变而成。因此,许多本地植物缺乏即使在低强度的火灾中也必须生存的适应性。人为引发的火灾的频率在增加,部分原因是入侵性草的存在。2014年2月19日下午,一场山火烧毁了波多黎各卡波罗霍的El Faro自然保护区的大部分干旱森林。使用先前监测的种群,我们记录了三种柱状和半表生仙人掌物种(Pilosocereus royenii [L.] Byles&Rowley,Harrisia portoricensis Britton和Leptocereus quadricostatus Britton)和一种球状物种(Melocactus intortus [ Mill。] Urb。)有关树冠覆盖和仙人掌生长策略的信息。我们的结果表明,M。intortus和H. portoricensis更容易受到火灾的伤害。与在封闭的树冠下生长的仙人掌相比,生长在以草和灌木为主的地区的仙人掌更容易燃烧。除了L. quadricostatus以外,在大火后存活至少一年的仙人掌失去了脊柱,在部分或全部肋骨上形成了疤痕组织,很少能够再生长。由于在火灾后的调查中(发生于火灾后的14到19个月之间)观察到了广泛的组织损伤和环境变化,因此我们认为会有明显的延迟死亡率,并且此处给出的死亡率估计是保守的。火灾后至少存活了一年的仙人掌失去了脊椎,在一些或所有肋骨上形成了疤痕组织,几乎没有能够再生的仙人掌。由于在火灾后的调查中(发生于火灾后的14到19个月之间)观察到了广泛的组织损伤和环境变化,因此我们认为会有明显的延迟死亡率,并且此处给出的死亡率估计是保守的。火灾后至少存活了一年的仙人掌失去了脊椎,在部分或全部肋骨上形成了疤痕组织,几乎没有能够再生的仙人掌。由于在火灾后的调查中(发生于火灾后的14到19个月之间)观察到了广泛的组织损伤和环境变化,因此我们认为会有明显的延迟死亡率,并且此处给出的死亡率估计是保守的。
更新日期:2020-06-16
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