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Evaluation of block-sequential regularized expectation maximization reconstruction of 68Ga-DOTATOC, 18F-fluoride, and 11C-acetate whole-body examinations acquired on a digital time-of-flight PET/CT scanner.
EJNMMI Physics ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-15 , DOI: 10.1186/s40658-020-00310-1
Elin Lindström 1, 2 , Lars Lindsjö 3 , Anders Sundin 1 , Jens Sörensen 1, 3 , Mark Lubberink 1, 2
Affiliation  

Block-sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) is a fully convergent iterative image reconstruction algorithm. We hypothesize that tracers with different distribution patterns will result in different optimal settings for the BSREM algorithm. The aim of this study was to evaluate the image quality with variations in the applied β-value and acquisition time for three positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. NEMA image quality phantom measurements and clinical whole-body digital time-of-flight (TOF) PET/computed tomography (CT) examinations with 68Ga-DOTATOC (n = 13), 18F-fluoride (n = 10), and 11C-acetate (n = 13) were included. Each scan was reconstructed using BSREM with β-values of 133, 267, 400, and 533, and ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM; 3 iterations, 16 subsets, and 5-mm Gaussian post-processing filter). Both reconstruction methods included TOF and point spread function (PSF) recovery. Quantitative measures of noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and signal-to-background ratio (SBR) were analysed for various acquisition times per bed position (bp). The highest β-value resulted in the lowest level of noise, which in turn resulted in the highest SNR and lowest SBR. Noise levels equal to or lower than those of OSEM were found with β-values equal to or higher than 400, 533, and 267 for 68Ga-DOTATOC, 18F-fluoride, and 11C-acetate, respectively. The specified β-ranges resulted in increased SNR at a minimum of 25% (P < 0.0001) and SBR at a maximum of 23% (P < 0.0001) as compared to OSEM. At a reduced acquisition time by 25% for 68Ga-DOTATOC and 18F-fluoride, and 67% for 11C-acetate, BSREM with β-values equal to or higher than 533 resulted in noise equal to or lower than that of OSEM at full acquisition duration (2 min/bp for 68Ga-DOTATOC and 18F-fluoride, 3 min/bp for 11C-acetate). The reduced acquisition time with β 533 resulted in increased SNR (16–26%, P < 0.003) and SBR (6–18%, P < 0.0001 (P = 0.07 for 11C-acetate)) compared to the full acquisition OSEM. Within tracer-specific ranges of β-values, BSREM reconstruction resulted in increased SNR and SBR with respect to conventional OSEM reconstruction. Similar SNR, SBR, and noise levels could be attained with BSREM at relatively shorter acquisition times or, alternatively, lower administered dosages, compared to those attained with OSEM.

中文翻译:

在数字飞行时间PET / CT扫描仪上进行的68Ga-DOTATOC,18F-氟化物和11C-乙酸酯全身检查的块序正则化期望最大化重建评估。

块序列正则化期望最大化(BSREM)是一种完全收敛的迭代图像重建算法。我们假设具有不同分布模式的示踪剂将导致BSREM算法的最佳设置不同。这项研究的目的是评估三种正电子发射断层扫描(PET)示踪剂的图像质量,以及所施加的β值和采集时间的变化。使用68Ga-DOTATOC(n = 13),18F-氟化物(n = 10)和11C-乙酸盐进行NEMA图像质量幻像测量和临床全身数字飞行时间(TOF)PET /计算机断层扫描(CT)检查(n = 13)被包括在内。每次扫描都是使用BSREM重建的,β值为133、267、400和533,并且有序子集期望最大化(OSEM; 3次迭代,16个子集和5毫米高斯后处理滤波器)。两种重建方法都包括TOF和点扩散函数(PSF)恢复。针对每个床位的各种采集时间(bp),分析了噪声,信噪比(SNR)和信噪比(SBR)的定量度量。最高的β值导致最低的噪声水平,进而导致最高的SNR和最低的SBR。发现对于68Ga-DOTATOC,18F-氟化物和11C-乙酸盐,β值等于或高于OSEM的噪声水平分别等于或大于400、533和267。与OSEM相比,指定的β范围导致SNR最低增加25%(P <0.0001),SBR最多增加23%(P <0.0001)。68Ga-DOTATOC和18F-氟化物的采集时间缩短了25%,而11C-乙酸盐的采集时间缩短了67%,β值等于或大于533的BSREM在整个采集期间(68Ga-DOTATOC和18F-氟化物为2分钟/ bp,11C-乙酸盐为3分钟/ bp)导致的噪声等于或小于OSEM。与完全采集的OSEM相比,使用β533减少的采集时间可导致SNR(16–26%,P <0.003)和SBR(6–18%,P <0.0001(对于11C-乙酸盐,P = 0.07))增加。在特定于示踪剂的β值范围内,相对于常规OSEM重建,BSREM重建可提高SNR和SBR。与OSEM相比,使用BSREM可以在相对较短的采集时间或较低的给药剂量下获得相似的SNR,SBR和噪声水平。对于11C-乙酸盐为3分钟/ bp)。与完全采集的OSEM相比,使用β533减少的采集时间可导致SNR(16–26%,P <0.003)和SBR(6–18%,P <0.0001(对于11C-乙酸盐,P = 0.07))增加。在特定于示踪剂的β值范围内,相对于常规OSEM重建,BSREM重建可提高SNR和SBR。与OSEM相比,使用BSREM可以在相对较短的采集时间或较低的给药剂量下获得相似的SNR,SBR和噪声水平。对于11C-乙酸盐为3分钟/ bp)。与完全采集的OSEM相比,使用β533减少的采集时间可导致SNR(16–26%,P <0.003)和SBR(6–18%,P <0.0001(对于11C-乙酸盐,P = 0.07))增加。在特定于示踪剂的β值范围内,相对于常规OSEM重建,BSREM重建可提高SNR和SBR。与OSEM相比,使用BSREM可以在相对较短的采集时间或较低的给药剂量下获得相似的SNR,SBR和噪声水平。相对于传统的OSEM重建,BSREM重建可提高SNR和SBR。与OSEM相比,BSREM可以在相对较短的采集时间或较低的给药剂量下获得相似的SNR,SBR和噪声水平。相对于传统的OSEM重建,BSREM重建可提高SNR和SBR。与OSEM相比,使用BSREM可以在相对较短的采集时间或较低的给药剂量下获得相似的SNR,SBR和噪声水平。
更新日期:2020-06-15
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