Bioremediation is widely considered the most desirable procedure for remediation of oil-contaminated soil. Few studies have focused on the relationships among microbial community, functional genes of biodegradation, and geochemical processes during field bioremediation, which provide crucial information for bioremediation. In the current study, the microbial community and functional genes related to hydrocarbon and nitrogen metabolism, combined with the soil physico-chemical properties, were used to diagnose a set of bioremediation experiments, including bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and phytoremediation, at the field scale. The results showed that the added nutrients stimulated a variety of microorganisms, including hydrocarbon degradation bacteria and nitrogen metabolism microorganisms. The functional genes reflected the possibility of aerobic denitrification in the field, which may be helpful in biodegradation. Biostimulation was found to be the most suitable of the studied bioremediation methods in the field. We offer a feasible approach to obtain useful bioremediation information and assist with the development of appropriate remediation procedures. The findings improve our knowledge of the interactions between microorganisms and edaphic parameters.

中文翻译：

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通过微生物群落和功能基因在田间尺度诊断受原油污染的土壤的生物修复及相关地球化学过程

生物修复被广泛认为是修复油污土壤的最理想方法。很少有研究集中在微生物群落，生物降解功能基因和田间生物修复过程中的地球化学过程之间的关系上，这些关系为生物修复提供了重要信息。在当前的研究中，与碳氢化合物和氮代谢有关的微生物群落和功能基因，再加上土壤的理化特性，被用于在田野范围内诊断一套生物修复实验，包括生物增强，生物刺激和植物修复。结果表明，添加的营养物刺激了多种微生物，包括碳氢化合物降解细菌和氮代谢微生物。功能基因反映了该领域有氧反硝化的可能性，这可能有助于生物降解。发现在本领域中，生物刺激是最合适的生物修复方法。我们提供一种可行的方法来获取有用的生物修复信息，并协助制定适当的修复程序。这些发现提高了我们对微生物与营养参数之间相互作用的认识。