Nanomaterials are being increasingly utilized for environmental remediation. The use of these materials, however, is greatly hindered due to challenges in material handling and deployment. Here we present a novel nanocomposite synthesis method based on the direct growth of nanoparticles on and within solid support materials, referred to as Crescoating. In this work, iron and copper nanoparticles have been grown on polyurethane support materials using this process and applied as sorbents for dissolved phosphorus and arsenic in water, respectively. These nanocomposite sorbents exhibit rapid sorption with saturation occurring in less than 5 min. The loading capacity is 104.8 mg PO₄^3– g^–1 and 254.4 mg As(III) g^–1 for the iron and copper nanocomposite sorbents respectively, which is up to four times higher than commercially available alternatives. In addition, phosphorus can be recovered from the iron nanocomposite sorbent. This coating by growth process produces nanocomposites that do not emit particles and has the capability to be scaled and applied to other nanoparticles for diverse pollutant sorption applications.

中文翻译：

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制备纳米复合吸附剂的多功能方法：除磷和除砷。

纳米材料正越来越多地用于环境修复。然而，由于材料处理和部署方面的挑战，极大地阻碍了这些材料的使用。在这里，我们提出了一种新颖的纳米复合材料合成方法，该方法基于纳米粒子在固体支持材料上及其内部的直接生长，称为“缩聚”。在这项工作中，铁和铜纳米粒子已使用此方法在聚氨酯载体材料上生长，并分别用作水中溶解的磷和砷的吸附剂。这些纳米复合材料吸附剂表现出快速的吸附能力，在不到5分钟的时间内即可达到饱和。负载量为104.8 mg PO ₄ ^3– g ^–1和254.4 mg As（III）g ^–1分别用于铁和铜纳米复合吸附剂，比市售替代品高四倍。另外，可以从铁纳米复合吸附剂中回收磷。这种通过生长过程形成的涂层产生的纳米复合材料不会散发颗粒，并具有按比例缩放的能力，并可以应用于其他纳米颗粒，以用于各种污染物吸附应用。