Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been in the literature and news because of the recent opinion-based journal articles and public releases by regulatory agencies. DCM is commonly associated with a genetic predisposition in certain dog breeds and can also occur secondary to other diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Recent communications in veterinary journals have discussed a potential relationship between grain-free and/or novel protein diets to DCM, citing a subjective increase in DCM in dog breeds that are not known to have a genetic predisposition for the disease. This literature review describes clinical presentations of DCM, common sequelae, treatment and preventative measures, histopathologic features, and a discussion of the varied etiological origins of the disease. In addition, current literature limitations are addressed, in order to ascertain multiple variables leading to the development of DCM. Future studies are needed to evaluate one variable at a time and to minimize confounding variables and speculation. Furthermore, to prevent sampling bias with the current FDA reports, the veterinary community should be asked to provide information for all cases of DCM in dogs. This should include cases during the same time period, regardless of the practitioner’s proposed etiology, due to no definitive association between diets with specific characteristics, such as, but not limited to, grain-free diets and those containing legumes, novel protein diets, and those produced by small manufacturers to DCM in dogs. In summary, in order to determine if certain ingredients, categories of diets, or manufacturing processes are related to an increased risk of DCM, further studies investigating these variables are necessary.

中文翻译：

---

在饮食相关问题之后对犬扩张型心肌病进行回顾。

由于最近基于观点的期刊文章和监管机构的公开发布，扩张型心肌病 (DCM) 已出现在文献和新闻中。DCM 通常与某些犬种的遗传倾向有关，也可能继发于其他疾病和营养缺乏。最近兽医杂志上的通讯讨论了无谷物和/或新型蛋白质饮食与 DCM 之间的潜在关系，并指出了不知道是否具有该疾病遗传倾向的狗品种中 DCM 的主观增加。本文献综述描述了 DCM 的临床表现、常见后遗症、治疗和预防措施、组织病理学特征，并讨论了该疾病的各种病因学起源。此外，还解决了当前文献的局限性，以确定导致 DCM 发展的多个变量。未来的研究需要一次评估一个变量，并尽量减少混杂变量和猜测。此外，为了防止当前 FDA 报告的抽样偏差，应要求兽医界提供所有犬类扩张型心肌病病例的信息。这应该包括同一时期的病例，无论医生提出的病因如何，因为具有特定特征的饮食之间没有明确的关联，例如但不限于无谷物饮食和含有豆类、新型蛋白质饮食和那些由小制造商生产的用于狗的 DCM 的药物。总之，为了确定某些成分、饮食类别或制造工艺是否与 DCM 风险增加有关，有必要进一步研究这些变量。