Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is an scalable technique used to form particle deposits from colloidal suspensions. Highly concentrated particle suspensions generally prevent real-time in situ microscopy observations which limits the characterization of EPD films to ex situ, or post processed, lab techniques. For dynamic systems, such as tunable amorphous photonic crystals (APCs), only reversible deposits are formed during the EPD process. Since reversible deposits cannot be characterized with standard ex situ methods, the particle-particle dynamics that govern the displayed color and crystallinity of these systems are not well understood. Here, we present in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and UV-Vis techniques for measuring both the structural and optical response of an APC under applied electric fields. We also develop model based on colloidal interactions . Ultimately, this work provides a new in situ characterization method that could be expanded for other dynamic, tunable systems.

中文翻译：

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通过原位小角X射线散射将动态微结构与电泳显示器中观察到的颜色相关

电泳沉积（EPD）是一种可扩展的技术，用于从胶体悬浮液中形成颗粒沉积物。高浓度的颗粒悬浮液通常会阻止实时原位显微镜观察，这限制了EPD膜在非原位或后处理实验室技术中的表征。对于动态系统，例如可调谐非晶光子晶体（APC），在EPD过程中仅形成可逆沉积物。由于可逆沉积物无法用标准的异位方法进行表征，因此，控制这些系统显示的颜色和结晶度的颗粒-动力学并不十分了解。在这里，我们介绍了原位小角度X射线散射（SAXS）和UV-Vis技术，用于在施加电场的情况下测量APC的结构和光学响应。我们还开发了基于胶体相互作用的模型。最终，这项工作提供了一种新的原位表征方法，可以将其扩展到其他动态，可调系统。