Background:Craniosynostosis is defined as a premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. Several studies have revealed cognitive deficits in some children who had undergone surgery to treat craniosynostosis. However, no general distinction has been drawn in the cognitive abilities between the various types of craniosynostosis. The purpose of the present study was to analyze if there is a difference in cognitive and motor function among the different types of non-syndromic craniosynostosis in preschool children.Methods:Twenty-seven children with different types of non-syndromic craniosynostosis were assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence – Third Edition, as well as the Quantitative, Memory and Motor scales of McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities (MSCA). The children were aged between 3 and 5 years and 11 months. The various types of craniosynostosis were compared.Results:The unicoronal synostosis group performed significantly worse than the multisuture synostosis group on the MSCA Motor scale. No differences in cognitive functions were found between the various types of craniosynostosis.Conclusions:Children with unicoronal synostosis may experience impaired motor skills and screening of their motor ability is recommended.

中文翻译：

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不同类型非综合征性颅缝早闭学龄前儿童的认知表现

背景：颅缝早闭定义为一根或多根颅缝过早融合。几项研究揭示了一些接受手术治疗颅缝早闭的儿童的认知缺陷。然而，在各种类型的颅缝早闭之间的认知能力上并没有普遍的区别。本研究的目的是分析学龄前儿童不同类型的非综合征性颅缝早闭在认知和运动功能上是否存在差异。方法：对 27 名不同类型的非综合征性颅缝早闭儿童进行评估Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence – 第三版，以及麦卡锡儿童能力量表 (MSCA) 的定量、记忆和运动量表。这些孩子的年龄在 3 到 5 岁零 11 个月之间。比较各种类型的颅缝早闭。结果：单冠状缝早闭组在MSCA Motor量表上的表现明显低于多缝缝早闭组。各类颅缝早闭在认知功能上未发现差异。结论：单冠状缝早闭患儿的运动技能可能受损，建议对其运动能力进行筛查。