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Organomodified nanoclays induce less inflammation, acute phase response, and genotoxicity than pristine nanoclays in mice lungs.
Nanotoxicology ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-13 , DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1771786
Emilio Di Ianni 1 , Peter Møller 2 , Alicja Mortensen 1 , Józef Szarek 3 , Per Axel Clausen 1 , Anne Thoustrup Saber 1 , Ulla Vogel 1, 4 , Nicklas Raun Jacobsen 1
Affiliation  

Surface modification by different quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) makes nanoclays more compatible with various polymeric matrices, thereby expanding their potential applications. The growing industrial use of nanoclays could potentially pose a health risk for workers. Here, we assessed how surface modification of nanoclays modulates their pulmonary toxicity. An in vitro screening of the unmodified nanoclay Bentonite (montmorillonite) and four organomodified nanoclays (ONC); coated with various QAC, including benzalkonium chloride (BAC), guided the selection of the materials for the in vivo study. Mice were exposed via a single intratracheal instillation to 18, 54, and 162 µg of unmodified Bentonite or dialkyldimethyl-ammonium-coated ONC (NanofilSE3000), or to 6, 18, and 54 µg of a BAC-coated ONC (Nanofil9), and followed for one, 3, or 28 days. All materials induced dose- and time-dependent responses in the exposed mice. However, all doses of Bentonite induced larger, but reversible, inflammation (BAL neutrophils) and acute phase response (Saa3 gene expression in lung) than the two ONC. Similarly, highest levels of DNA strand breaks were found in BAL cells of mice exposed to Bentonite 1 day post-exposure. A significant increase of DNA strand breaks was detected also for NanofilSE3000, 3 days post-exposure. Only mice exposed to Bentonite showed increased Tgf-β gene expression in lung, biomarker of pro-fibrotic processes and hepatic extravasation, 3 days post-exposure. This study indicates that Bentonite treatment with some QAC changes main physical-chemical properties, including shape and surface area, and may decrease their pulmonary toxicity in exposed mice.



中文翻译:

与原始的纳米粘土相比,有机修饰的纳米粘土在小鼠肺部引起的炎症,急性期反应和遗传毒性更少。

通过不同的季铵化合物(QAC)进行的表面改性使纳米粘土与各种聚合物基体更加兼容,从而扩展了其潜在的应用范围。纳米粘土在工业上的日益增长的使用可能会给工人带来健康风险。在这里,我们评估了纳米粘土的表面改性如何调节其肺毒性。的体外未改性的纳米粘土膨润土(蒙脱石)和四个有机改性的纳米粘土(ONC)的筛选; 涂以各种QAC(包括苯扎氯铵(BAC))指导体内材料的选择研究。通过一次气管内滴注,将小鼠暴露于18、54和162 µg的未改性膨润土或二烷基二甲基铵涂层的ONC(NanofilSE3000),或暴露于6、18和54 µg的BAC涂层的ONC(Nanofil9),以及接下来的1、3或28天。所有材料均在暴露的小鼠中诱导剂量和时间依赖性反应。但是,所有剂量的膨润土均比两个ONC引起更大但可逆的炎症(BAL中性粒细胞)和急性期反应(肺中Saa3基因表达)。同样,暴露于膨润土1天的小鼠的BAL细胞中发现了最高水平的DNA链断裂。暴露后3天,NanofilSE3000的DNA链断裂也显着增加。仅暴露于膨润土的小鼠表现出Tgf-β升高暴露后3天,在肺中的基因表达,促纤维化过程和肝外渗的生物标志物。这项研究表明,用某些QAC处理膨润土会改变主要的物理化学性质,包括形状和表面积,并可能降低其对暴露小鼠的肺毒性。

更新日期:2020-06-13
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