Abstract

Natural products are often used by the population to treat and/or prevent several disorders. Tucumã is an Amazonian fruit widely consumed by local population and no in vivo toxicity studies regarding its safety are available in the literature to date. Therefore, the phytochemical characterization, acute and repeated dose 28-day oral toxicities of crude extract of tucumã’s pulp (CETP) in Wistar rats were evaluated. For the CETP preparation, tucumã pulp was crushed and placed into sealed amber glass jars containing absolute ethanol solution for extraction. CETP phytochemical analyses evidenced the presence of carotenoids, flavonoids, unsaturated and satured fatty acids, and triterpenes. In the acute toxicity, female rats from the test group were treated with CETP at single dose of 2000 mg/kg. For the repeated dose toxicity, CETP was administered to male and female rats at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg, for 28 days. Body weight was recorded during the experiment and blood, liver and kidney were collected for further analysis. No mortality or toxicity signs were observed during the studies. CETP was classified as safe (category 5, OECD guide), in acute toxicity. In repeated dose study was observed alterations in some biochemical parameters, as well as in oxidative damage and enzymatic activity. Histopathological findings showed renal damage in male rats at higher dose. The data obtained suggest that CETP did not induced toxicity after exposure to a single or repeated doses in female rats. However, in males may be considered safe when given repeatedly in low doses.

摘要

人们经常使用天然产品来治疗和/或预防多种疾病。Tucumã 是一种被当地居民广泛食用的亚马逊水果，迄今为止，文献中还没有关于其安全性的体内毒性研究。因此，在Wistar中的 tucumã's 果肉 (CETP) 粗提物的植物化学特征、急性和重复剂量 28 天口服毒性对大鼠进行了评估。对于 CETP 制备，将 tucumã 果肉粉碎并放入装有无水乙醇溶液的密封琥珀色玻璃罐中进行提取。CETP 植物化学分析证明了类胡萝卜素、类黄酮、不饱和和饱和脂肪酸以及三萜的存在。在急性毒性方面，试验组的雌性大鼠以单剂量 2000 mg/kg 的 CETP 治疗。对于重复剂量毒性，将 CETP 以 200、400 和 600 mg/kg 的剂量对雄性和雌性大鼠给药 28 天。在实验过程中记录体重并收集血液、肝脏和肾脏用于进一步分析。在研究期间没有观察到死亡或毒性迹象。CETP 在急性毒性中被归类为安全（5 类，经合组织指南）。在重复剂量研究中观察到一些生化参数以及氧化损伤和酶活性的变化。组织病理学结果显示雄性大鼠在较高剂量下会出现肾损伤。获得的数据表明，在雌性大鼠中，CETP 在暴露于单剂量或重复剂量后不会引起毒性。然而，在男性中，当以低剂量反复给药时可能被认为是安全的。