Brain organoids, three-dimensional neural cultures recapitulating the spatiotemporal organization and function of the brain in a dish, offer unique opportunities for investigating the human brain development and diseases. To model distinct parts of the brain, various region-specific human brain organoids have been developed. In this article, we review current approaches to produce human region-specific brain organoids, developed through the endeavor of many researchers. We highlight the applications of human region-specific brain organoids, especially in reconstructing regional interactions in the brain through organoid fusion. We also outline the existing challenges to drive forward further the brain organoid technology and its applications for future studies.

大脑类器官是一种在培养皿中概括大脑时空组织和功能的三维神经培养物，为研究人类大脑发育和疾病提供了独特的机会。为了模拟大脑的不同部分，已经开发了各种特定区域的人脑类器官。在本文中，我们回顾了当前生产人类特定区域大脑类器官的方法，这些方法是通过许多研究人员的努力开发的。我们强调了人类特定区域大脑类器官的应用，特别是在通过类器官融合重建大脑中的区域相互作用方面。我们还概述了进一步推动大脑类器官技术及其在未来研究中的应用的现有挑战。