The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demanded rapid upscaling of in-vitro diagnostic assays to enable mass screening and testing of high-risk groups, and simultaneous ascertainment of robust data on past SARS-CoV-2 exposure at an individual and a population level. To meet the exponential demand in testing, there has been an accelerated development of both molecular and serological assays across a plethora of platforms. The present review discusses the current literature on these modalities, including nucleic acid amplification tests, direct viral antigen tests and the rapidly expanding laboratory-based and point of care serological tests. This suite of complementary tests will inform crucial decisions by healthcare providers and policy makers, and understanding their strengths and limitations will be critical to their judicious application for the development of algorithmic approaches to treatment and public health strategies.

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 及其相关的 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行要求快速扩大体外诊断检测规模，以便能够对高危人群进行大规模筛查和检测，并同时进行确定个人和群体过去接触 SARS-CoV-2 的可靠数据。为了满足检测中呈指数级增长的需求，分子和血清学检测在众多平台上得到了加速发展。本综述讨论了有关这些模式的当前文献，包括核酸扩增测试、直接病毒抗原测试以及快速扩展的基于实验室和护理点血清学测试。这套补充测试将为医疗保健提供者和政策制定者的关键决策提供信息，了解它们的优势和局限性对于明智地应用它们来开发治疗和公共卫生策略的算法方法至关重要。