The practice of social distancing and wearing masks has been popular worldwide in combating the contraction of COVID-19. Undeniably, although such practices help control the COVID-19 pandemic to a greater extent, the complete control of virus-laden droplet and aerosol transmission by such practices is poorly understood. This review paper intends to outline the literature concerning the transmission of virus-laden droplets and aerosols in different environmental settings and demonstrates the behavior of droplets and aerosols resulted from a cough-jet of an infected person in various confined spaces. The case studies that have come out in different countries have, with prima facie evidence, manifested that the airborne transmission plays a profound role in contracting susceptible hosts. The infection propensities in confined spaces (airplane, passenger car, and healthcare center) by the transmission of droplets and aerosols under varying ventilation conditions were discussed.

Interestingly, the nosocomial transmission by airborne SARS-CoV-2 virus-laden aerosols in healthcare facilities may be plausible. Hence, clearly defined, science-based administrative, clinical, and physical measures are of paramount importance to eradicate the COVID-19 pandemic from the world.

为了对抗 COVID-19 的传播，保持社交距离和戴口罩的做法在世界范围内很流行。不可否认，尽管此类做法有助于在更大程度上控制COVID-19大流行，但人们对此类做法如何完全控制携带病毒的飞沫和气溶胶传播却知之甚少。本综述旨在概述有关不同环境条件下携带病毒的飞沫和气溶胶传播的文献，并展示感染者在各种密闭空间中咳嗽喷出的飞沫和气溶胶的行为。不同国家的案例研究已有初步证据表明，空气传播在感染易感宿主方面发挥着深远的作用。讨论了不同通风条件下飞沫和气溶胶传播在密闭空间（飞机、客车和医疗中心）中的感染倾向。

有趣的是，医疗机构中通过空气传播的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒气溶胶进行院内传播可能是合理的。因此，明确定义、基于科学的行政、临床和物理措施对于在世界范围内根除 COVID-19 大流行至关重要。