As an inevitable biological process, cardiovascular aging is the greatest risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Sestrin 2 (Sesn2), a stress-inducible and age-related protein associated with various stress conditions, plays a pivotal role in slowing this process. It acts as an anti-aging agent, mainly through its antioxidant enzymatic activity and regulation of antioxidant signaling pathways, as well as by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1. In this review, we first introduce the biochemical functions of Sesn2 in the cardiovascular aging process, and describe how Sesn2 expression is regulated under various stress conditions. Next, we emphasize the role of Sesn2 signal transduction in a series of age-related CVDs, including hypertension, myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, atherosclerosis, and heart failure, as well as provide potential mechanisms for the association of Sesn2 with CVDs. Finally, we present the potential therapeutic applications of Sesn2-directed therapy and future prospects.

作为不可避免的生物学过程，心血管衰老是心血管疾病（CVD）的最大风险因素。Sestrin 2（Sesn2）是一种与各种压力条件相关的应激诱导和年龄相关蛋白，在减缓此过程中起着关键作用。它主要通过其抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化信号通路的调节，以及通过激活单磷酸腺苷活化的蛋白激酶和抑制雷帕霉素复合物1的哺乳动物靶点而起到抗衰老的作用。在本文中，我们首先介绍Sesn2在心血管衰老过程中的生化功能，并描述了在各种压力条件下如何调节Sesn2的表达。接下来，我们强调Sesn2信号转导在一系列与年龄有关的CVD中的作用，包括高血压，心肌缺血和再灌注，动脉粥样硬化和心力衰竭，以及为Sesn2与CVD的关联提供潜在的机制。最后，我们介绍了Sesn2导向疗法的潜在治疗应用和未来前景。