Abstract—Improved methods and devices for nondestructive control of the degree of unipolarity of large LiNbO₃ crystals are described. These methods are based on measurements of the static and dynamic piezoelectric characteristics of crystals and are applicable to other ferroelectric materials. These methods allow assessment of the degree of unipolarity and the relative volume of antiparallel domains in crystals.

中文翻译：

---

控制大型LiNbO 3晶体单极性程度的方法

摘要—描述了用于无损控制大型LiNbO ₃晶体单极性程度的改进方法和设备。这些方法基于晶体的静态和动态压电特性的测量，并且适用于其他铁电材料。这些方法可以评估晶体中的单极性程度和反平行结构域的相对体积。