Abstract The year 2019 was proclaimed by the UN and UNESCO as the International Year of the Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements; by its beginning, the seventh period of the Table was already filled with new, very heavy elements. According to theoretical predictions, isotopes of superheavy elements with increased stability form a large zone in the form of an island with a vertex located near the “magic” numbers of protons Z = 114 and neutrons N = 184 on the nuclide map. New elements with atomic numbers from 114 to 118 were synthesized in the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna), in 2000–2012 by fusion reactions of target nuclei (heavy actinide isotopes ( Z = 94–98)) with bombarding 48 Ca ions. The experimental results suggest that there may exist nuclei or elements with atomic numbers greater than 118 and mass greater than 300 amu. A new experimental complex, the Factory of Superheavy Elements (SHEF), was created in Dubna to study the nuclear and electronic structures of new elements and their chemical properties and to synthesize elements from the beginning of the eighth period of the Periodic Table. A new DC-280 accelerator has already been launched in the SHEF, and experiments are planned to begin. The introductory and final parts of my speech at the scientific session of the General Meeting of the Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences are related to the discovery of the Periodic Law published by D.I. Mendeleev 150 years ago. The action of this law in the properties of the heaviest elements represents today one of the most urgent and interesting problems of the natural sciences.

中文翻译：

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化学元素周期表诞生 150 周年

摘要 2019年被联合国和联合国教科文组织宣布为国际化学元素周期表年；表的第七期一开始就充满了新的、非常沉重的元素。根据理论预测，稳定性增加的超重元素同位素形成一个大的岛状区域，其顶点位于核素图上质子 Z = 114 和中子 N = 184 的“神奇”数量附近。2000-2012 年，在联合核研究所（JINR，杜布纳）的 Flerov 核反应实验室通过靶核（重锕系同位素（Z = 94-98）的聚变反应合成了原子序数为 114 到 118 的新元素)) 轰击 48 个 Ca 离子。实验结果表明，可能存在原子序数大于118、质量大于300 amu的原子核或元素。在杜布纳创建了一个新的实验综合体——超重元素工厂 (SHEF)，以研究新元素的核和电子结构及其化学性质，并合成元素周期表第八周期开始的元素。新的 DC-280 加速器已经在 SHEF 中发射，并计划开始实验。我在俄罗斯科学院院士大会科学会议上的介绍性和最后部分演讲与 DI 门捷列夫 150 年前发表的周期律的发现有关。