The characteristics of turbulence over mountainous terrain are investigated with an aim to predict propagation of short-wavelength electromagnetic waves (including optical waves). For this purpose, long-term observations of the day- and night-time stratification of atmospheric turbulence are continued at the Sayany solar observatory. A new mobile AMK-03-4 hard-and-software system is used, which is designed for measuring the characteristics of turbulent meteofields. New experimental data are obtained on the turbulent scales of velocity V * (friction velocity) and temperature T * , which are important characteristics in the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory. A comparison of the experimental results with the data obtained by the authors earlier in different periods of time and in different climatic and geographical regions is performed. An experimental validation of the similarity theory postulates in the atmospheric boundary layer is provided. It is shown that the traditional similarity theory can be extended to an arbitrary (e.g., mountainous) boundary layer. This offers a solution to the problem of predicting the characteristics of turbulence in an anisotropic layer, including that in the mountain regions.

中文翻译：

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各向异性山地边界层中莫宁-奥布霍夫相似理论的湍流尺度

研究了山区湍流的特征，目的是预测短波长电磁波（包括光波）的传播。为此，Sayany 太阳天文台继续对大气湍流的昼夜分层进行长期观测。使用了一种新的移动式 AMK-03-4 软硬件系统，该系统专为测量湍流气象场的特性而设计。在速度 V *（摩擦速度）和温度 T * 的湍流尺度上获得了新的实验数据，这是 Monin-Obukhov 相似理论中的重要特征。将实验结果与作者早先在不同时期、不同气候和地理区域获得的数据进行了比较。提供了对大气边界层中相似理论假设的实验验证。结果表明，传统的相似性理论可以扩展到任意（例如，山区）边界层。这为预测各向异性层（包括山区）湍流特征的问题提供了解决方案。